In vitro Susceptibility of Mycobacteria Species Other than <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i> to Amikacin, Cephalosporins and Cefoxitin

Abstract

The susceptibility of different species of mycobacteria, other than M. tuberculosis, to a range of cephalosporins and to amikacin was studied. Susceptibility patterns varied with species. M. fortuitum, M. marinum and M. szulgai were the most susceptible species to amikacin and to cefoxitin, whereas M. kansasii, M. scrojulaceum and MAIS complex the most resistant. Cefoxitin appears to be much more active against mycobacteria than the other cephalosporins used in this study. Most of the cefoxitin-sensitive mycobacteria were inhibited by concentrations which can be easily attained in serum on standard dosage schedules.

Susceptibilities of Mycobacterium fortuitum biovar. fortuitum and the two subgroups of Mycobacterium chelonae to imipenem, cefmetazole, cefoxitin, and amoxicillin-clavulanic acid

“…Long-term drug therapy of 3 to 6 months is usually needed (20). Amikacin is the most common drug used for serious disease, often in combination with cefoxitin (8,9,20). Because of toxicity (amikacin) and a relatively short half-life (cefoxitin), there has been continued interest in other potential drugs for therapy.…”

“…Moderately susceptible breakpoints for imipenem (8 jig/ml) and amoxicillin-clavulanic acid (16/8 ,ug/ml) were the moderately susceptible breakpoints of the National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards (NCCLS) for aerobic bacteria (13). An MIC of 32 ,ug/ml rather than 16 ,ug/ml (the latter being the NCCLS breakpoint) has been used as the moderately susceptible breakpoint for cefoxitin against the rapidly growing mycobacteria (17,20).Although not yet approved by NCCLS, the proposed moderately susceptible breakpoint for cefmetazole is also 32 jig/ml (10 (1,7,9,16,17) and most isolates of M. chelonae subsp. abscessus (1,16,17), although the usual modal MIC for both organisms is 32 pug/ml, which is in the moderately susceptible category (as defined for these organisms) (10,17).…”

“…Antimicrobial therapy based on in vitro susceptibilities combined with surgical debridement are the indicated therapy for patients with serious cutaneous disease (9,20). Long-term drug therapy of 3 to 6 months is usually needed (20).…”

“…Identification to the species level was performed by standard methods (14,21), and identification to the subspecies level was by carbohydrate utilization tests and/or drug susceptibility patterns (14,15 (1,7,9,16,17) and most isolates of M. chelonae subsp. abscessus (1,16,17), although the usual modal MIC for both organisms is 32 pug/ml, which is in the moderately susceptible category (as defined for these organisms) (10,17).…”

Schwimmbadgranulom

“…Die erapie wurde deshalb auf Cefuroxim 500 mg, zweimal täglich, umgesetzt. Die Cephalosporine gehören nicht zum Standard bei der Behandlung von Mycobakterium marinum, auch wenn eine In-vitro-Studie eine ausreichende Wirksamkeit bescheinigte [3,4]. Bei einem Kontrolltermin nach zwei Wochen zeigte sich eine Besserung, aber keine vollständige Abheilung der Knoten.…”