In Vivo and In Vitro Skin Uptake and Permeation Studies

Behl, Christian; Char, Hing; Patel, Saumya; Mehta, Deepak B.; Piemontese, David; Malick, A. Waseem

doi:10.1007/978-1-4899-1262-6_13

Cited by 15 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…Synthetic membranes provide additional understanding of mechanistic aspects of skin permeability and the thermodynamic effects of chemical solubility, PC, and chemical ±vehicle interaction (Behl et al, 1993 ). The silastic membrane acts as a nonaqueous pore, and because of its hydrophobic nature, it should be highly permeable to nonionized species.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Membrane transport of naphthalene and dodecane in jet fuel mixtures

2000

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Jet fuels are formulated with numerous aliphatic and aromatic components that are thought to cause dermal irritation in air force personnel. However, diffusion of these components in such a complex mixture is not well understood. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the physicochemical properties of these mixtures in the context of how they influence partitioning, diffusion, and absorption of aromatic ( 14 C -naphthalene ) and aliphatic ( 14 C -dodecane ) markers in porcine skin and silastic membranes in vitro. In these 5 -h flowthrough diffusion studies, Jet -A, JP -8, and JP -8 (100 ) fuels, and weathered JP-8 (JP -8 (Puddle ) ) were tested. In both membrane systems and across all jet fuels tested, naphthalene absorption (1.29 ±1.84% dose ) was significantly greater than dodecane absorption (0.14 ±0.28% dose ). However, significantly more dodecane than naphthalene was observed in the stratum corneum (SC; 4.23 ±7.23% dose vs. 1.88 ±4.08% dose ) and silastic membranes ( 59.2± 81.7% dose vs. 30.5 ±36.7% dose ). Naphthalene was least likely to be retained on the skin surface compared to dodecane, while this trend was reversed in silastic membranes. In porcine skin, weathered JP -8 significantly increased dodecane absorption, permeability (0.19Â10 À 4 cm / h) , and diffusivity, and also naphthalene deposition in the SC compared to other jet fuels. In contrast, weathered JP -8 appears to decrease naphthalene flux (1.56 g/cm 2 /h) and permeability ( 1.14Â10 À 4 cm /h ) in skin. There were no differences among the three jet fuels in terms of their ability to influence naphthalene or dodecane disposition in skin and, generally, no significant differences among the four jet fuel mixtures were observed in silastic membranes. In conclusion, these transport studies suggest that absorption and deposition of naphthalene and dodecane are different when dosed in various jet fuel mixtures, and disposition in weathered jet fuel is significantly different from that in commercial and military fuels. These interactions may not only be related to the unique chemistry of these components, but also specific membrane interactions in the SC and viable epidermis. Toxicology and Industrial Health (2000 ) 16, 225± 238.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Membrane transport of naphthalene and dodecane in jet fuel mixtures

2000

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“…DELIVERY [12][13][14][15] The interaction of these factors -the physicochemical properties of the medication, (b) Physiological elements, and (c) formulation components and their interactionsdetermines the effectiveness of topical drug delivery.…”

Section: Factors Affecting Topical Drugmentioning

confidence: 99%

Untitled

2024

AJP

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With a focus on sensible topical formulation techniques and the essential components of topical drug delivery systems, the goal of this review is to provide an overview of recent research. The advantage of administering medication topically is that it reaches the site of action directly and remains longer there. Topical medications are primarily administered through the skin, which is one of the body's most accessible and widely distributed organs. Topical medications are usually very sticky and uncomfortable to apply, which presents a number of challenges. Ointments, lotions, and creams are common topical medications. They also have a lower spreading coefficient, require rubbing, and have a stability problem when compared to other semisolid preparations in the main category. All of these factors have led to an increase in the use of gas in preparations for pharmaceutical and cosmetic uses. The surface tension between a 99% liquid-by-weight colloid and a network of macromolecules composed of minuscule amounts of the surrounding gelatinous substance immobilizes the colloid, forming a gel.

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“…Delivery of drug through the skin is a targeted and an effective treatment for dermatological diseases. This drug delivery route has been popular because it prevents gastrointestinal irritation and metabolic degradation that are caused due to oral administration (7,8) . One of the most usable topical dosage form is gel.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Formulation and evaluation of HPMC topical gel of Ectoine

Bayoumi

Dawaba

Zalat

et al. 2022

Azhar International Journal of Pharmaceutical and Medical Scien

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The objective of this study is to formulate and evaluate a topical gel containing Ectoine for further use in treating skin diseases. Three gel formulations were prepared using 1.5%, 2% and 3% of gelling agent HPMC K15M and these formulae were evaluated for their physical appearance, pH, spreadability, viscosity, in vitro release profile, freeze thaw cycle and ex vivo release. The preformulation studies for both Ectoine and HPMC were applied using DSC and FTIR. HPLC analysis of the natural compound was conducted to detected concentration of Ectoine in formulated gels. Formulated gels were homogenous, had good consistency, spreadability but unstable when subjected to high temperature. Among the three formulae, H1 showed better release (91.4%) characteristics than other concentrations. The kinetic data of the release investigated that Ectoine release from all examined gel followed the diffusion mechanism except H1 was first order. When ex vivo was applied to the selected formula it showed good release through rat skin (85%) after 8 hrs.

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In Vivo and In Vitro Skin Uptake and Permeation Studies

Cited by 15 publications

References 64 publications

Membrane transport of naphthalene and dodecane in jet fuel mixtures

Membrane transport of naphthalene and dodecane in jet fuel mixtures

Untitled

Formulation and evaluation of HPMC topical gel of Ectoine

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