Arnica montana L. (Asteraceae) is a valuable medicinal plant species, endemic to Europe, which is threatened in many countries due to its overharvesting. The increasing market demand requires development of an effective method for A. montana rapid propagation, offering the possibility for its field cultivation as an alternative to plant gathering from nature. Three invitro culture systems were compared to determine the best shoot multiplication of A. montana: agar-gelled medium, static liquid medium and Temporary Immersion System (TIS RITA ® ). Murashige and Skoog (MS) nutrient medium supplemented with 1 mg/l BA and 0.1 mg/l IAA was used in all experiments. The highest micropropagation rate (18.2 shoots/explant, for 5 weeks) was obtained via TIS culture. Besides, these plants showed higher sesqiuterpene lactones content than those derived from the other tested systems. The shoots were successfully in -vitro rooted and ex-vitro adapted. The elaborated method for mass multiplication of A. montana allows significant enhancement of the invitro process and could be applied to produce planting material, thus contributing to the conservation of the species as well.
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