“…In the peripheral nervous system, the actions of furosemide may overlap with that of cAMP (Kreydiyyeh et al, 2000). Furosemide's anti-oxidant actions (Lahet et al, 2003), its effect on cytokines (Yuengsrigul et al, 1999) and its attenuation of glutamate-mediated excitotoxicity (Sanchez-Gomez et al, 2011) enhances neuroplasticity. Its upregulation of brainderived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) (Szekeres et al, 2010) which is deficient in depression, its enhancement of long-term potentiation (LTP) and neurogenesis being a KCC 2 blocker (Wang et al, 2006;Roitman et al, 2002) and favourable effects on Bcl-2/Bax ratio being a Bax blocker (Lin et al, 2005) enhances the neurotrophic signaling cascade of brain derived neurotrophic factorearly signal regulated kinase-cAMP-response element binding protein-B cell lymphoma 2 (BDNF-ERK 1/2-CREB-Bcl-2), an important mediator of neuroplasticity, which is impaired by stress (Trentani et al, 2002).…”