In vivo and in vitro evaluation of the effects of domperidone on the gastrointestinal tract of healthy horses

Nieto, Jorge E.; Maher, Omar; Stanley, Scott D; Larson, Richard F.; Snyder, Jack R.

doi:10.2460/ajvr.74.8.1103

Cited by 11 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…In addition, there is ongoing research aimed at developing and determining the efficacy of other classes of prokinetic drugs, including the dopamine antagonist domperidone (Nieto et al . ), opioid antagonists such as naloxone and N‐methylnaltrexone and the α‐adrenergic antagonist yohimbine, with the potential to modulate the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (Doherty ; Wong et al . ).…”

Section: Post Operative Ileusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Equine post operative ileus: A review of current thinking on pathophysiology and management

Hudson

Pirie

2014

Equine Veterinary Education

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Summary Equine post operative ileus (POI) is a serious post surgical complication in the horse, with a significant fatality rate. Despite the ongoing debate with regard to both the clinical definition of equine POI and the optimal management of this condition, there is increasing awareness and acceptance, supported by scientific research, that inflammation plays a key role in its pathophysiology. This review aims to outline the current thinking on the pathophysiology and management of this condition, with reference to the published literature on equine, rodent and human POI. Although studies conducted in other species are likely to provide an abundant source of information with potentially useful translational applications for the equine condition, such an approach needs to be cognisant of potential interspecies differences both in the pathogenesis of the condition and in basic gastrointestinal physiology.

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Section: Post Operative Ileusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Equine post operative ileus: A review of current thinking on pathophysiology and management

Hudson

Pirie

2014

Equine Veterinary Education

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“…Dopamine antagonist-domperidone is a selective peripheral DA 2 receptor antagonist [26]. In a preliminary experimental model of POI in ponies, domperidone was effective in restoring transit time, electromechanical activity, and coordination of gastric and intestinal cycles [134].…”

Section: 6 Dopamine Antagonistmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current Strategies for Prevention and Treatment of Equine Postoperative Ileus: A Multimodal Approach

Kovač́¹,

Aliev²,

Pozyabin³

et al. 2020

Equine Science

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Equine paralytic (postoperative) ileus generally refers to an acute condition of impaired gastrointestinal motility. Paralytic ileus is most frequently seen following abdominal surgery on the small intestine in horses. Three main mechanisms are involved separately or simultaneously in its causation, namely neurogenicendocrinic, inflammatory-endotoxic and pharmacological mechanisms. Regardless of the cause, equine paralytic ileus can be fatal, if not properly diagnosed and treated. Over the past 22 years (1997-2019), we have diagnosed and treated more than 180 horses with postoperative ileus using differing methods. Based on our results and experience, and that of others, we have developed a multimodal strategy to reduce the incidence of postoperative ileus. This has resulted in effective treatment of ileus-diagnosed patients in 94% of cases, a significant improvement in survival rates over the last 20 years. In this review, we described pre-, intra-, and postoperative multiple supplementary preventative and treatment procedures that cure this condition. These methods are dependent on individual cases but include the control of endotoxemia and inflammation, as well as using the least traumatic surgical techniques, carrying out the pelvic flexure colotomy, improved anesthesia techniques, treating with continuous postoperative peritoneal lavage, the use of fluid, antibiotic and NSAIDs therapy, according to a scheme the use of different prokinetic agents (including metoclopramide, neostigmine methylsulfate and domperidone), nasogastric decompression, management to minimize the surgical and postoperative stress reaction and judicious timing of postoperative feeding of horses.An appreciation of the basic mechanisms that regulate gastrointestinal motility is a key component to understanding paralytic ileus. The musculature of the gastrointestinal tract in horses is made up of smooth muscle cells that are intimately associated, thus allowing them to conduct electrophysiological functions. There are three distinctive electrical potentials in the equine intestine: resting potential, slow-wave and spike potential that trigger contractions. Slow waves are rhythmic pacemaker currents initiated by the interstitial cells of Cajal (ICC). Normal gastrointestinal motility in horses results from very complex interactions among the enteric nervous system (ENS), autonomic and central nervous systems, ICC, gastrointestinal hormones, immune cells, glial cells and local factors that affect smooth-muscle activity [21,[23][24][25]. Extrinsically, the sympathetic nervous input through noradrenaline has an inhibitory effect on gastrointestinal motility, whereas parasympathetic input increases motility. The ENS is involved in all aspects of gastrointestinal function, not only motility, as well as by enteric processes such as immune responses, detecting nutrients, microvascular circulation, intestinal barrier function, and epithelial secretion of fluids and ions [10]. The neurons of the ENS are collected into two types of ganglia: myenteric (...

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“…This is because it interacts only slightly with central dopaminergic receptors. A recent study used oral administration of the drug at 1.1 and 5.5 mg/kg both in vivo and in vitro, the influence of domperidone therapy on gastric emptying, and motility of the intestinal tract in horses [64]. However, no effect was detected on the rate of gastric emptying at a dose of 1.1 mg/kg PO, which was previously effective in the treatment of fescue toxicosis in pregnant mares [73].…”

Section: Hypomotility Gastrointestinalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physiology and Metabolic Anomalies of Dopamine in Horses: A Review

Ambrojo¹,

Poggi²,

Corzano³

2018

Dopamine - Health and Disease

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Dopamine (DA) is an important endogenous catecholamine that exerts generalized effects on both neuronal (as a neurotransmitter) and non-neuronal tissues (as an autocrine or paracrine agent). In the central nervous system (CNS), DA binds to specific membrane receptors present in neurons and plays a key role in the control of motor activity, learning, cognition, affectivity and attention. Horses can also present with hyper-and hypodopaminergic conditions, including stereotypic behaviors and pituitary pars intermedia dysfunction and Parkinsonian's syndrome, respectively. DA biosynthesis also occurs in peripheral tissues, and receptors in various organs such as the kidney, pancreas, lungs and blood vessels outside the CNS have been detected. DA emulates the actions related to the sympathetic nervous system (SNS), promoting the increase in heart rate, blood pressure, electrolyte balance and gastrointestinal (GI) motility. In fact, GI alterations in dopaminergic transmission have been directly or indirectly related to hypomotility and/ or postoperative ileus (POI). On the other hand, there are physiological factors, such as breed, age, exercise and reproductive status that modify DA concentrations. In reproduction, the administration of DA antagonists in the middle/end of the spring and anestrus transition period advances the first ovulation of the year in mares. This chapter offers a brief description of the importance of DA as a neurotransmitter and peripheral hormone. Special attention is paid to: (1) functional alterations that occur in the brain and GI tract in various diseases and (2) current therapy to correct alterations in DA systems.

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In vivo and in vitro evaluation of the effects of domperidone on the gastrointestinal tract of healthy horses

Abstract: The potential beneficial effects of domperidone in horses with ileus need to be evaluated in horses with decreased gastric emptying or adynamic ileus.

Cited by 11 publications

References 39 publications

Equine post operative ileus: A review of current thinking on pathophysiology and management

Equine post operative ileus: A review of current thinking on pathophysiology and management

Current Strategies for Prevention and Treatment of Equine Postoperative Ileus: A Multimodal Approach

Physiology and Metabolic Anomalies of Dopamine in Horses: A Review

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