In vivo anti-inflammatory action of eugenol on lipopolysaccharide-induced lung injury

Abstract

Eugenol, a methoxyphenol component of clove oil, suppresses cyclooxygenase-2 expression, while eugenol dimers prevent nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) activation and inflammatory cytokine expression in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated macrophages. Our aim was to examine the in vivo anti-inflammatory effects of eugenol. BALB/c mice were divided into four groups. Mice received saline [0.05 ml intratracheally (it), control (Ctrl) and eugenol (Eug) groups] or Escherichia coli LPS (10 microg it, LPS and LPSEug groups). After 6 h, mice received saline (0.2 ml ip, Ctrl and LPS groups) or eugenol (160 mg/kg ip, Eug and LPSEug groups). Twenty-four hours after LPS injection, pulmonary resistive (DeltaP1) and viscoelastic (DeltaP2) pressures, static elastance (E(st)), and viscoelastic component of elastance (DeltaE) were measured. Lungs were prepared for histology. In parallel mice, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid was collected 24 h after LPS injection. TNF-alpha was determined by ELISA. Lung tissue expression of NF-kappaB was determined by EMSA. DeltaP1, DeltaP2, E(st), and DeltaE were significantly higher in the LPS group than in the other groups. LPS mice also showed significantly more alveolar collapse, collagen fibers, and neutrophil influx and higher TNF-alpha levels and NF-kappaB expression than the other groups. Eugenol treatment reduced LPS-induced lung inflammation, improving lung function. Our results suggest that eugenol exhibits in vivo anti-inflammatory action in LPS-induced lung injury.

Inhibition of endotoxin-induced airway epithelial cell injury by a novel family of pyrrol derivates

“…38 Previous reports examining the efficacy of molecules on the LPS-induced activation of inflammatory markers in the lung, or before evaluating the potential in vivo anti-inflammatory properties, have used a similar in vitro epithelial cell injury model to the one we used. 14,39 The activation of apoptosis following LPS-induced lung inflammation have a key role in the development of sepsisinduced ARDS. 38 The induction of apoptosis-mediated DNA damage is an important characteristic in the development of acute lung injury during sepsis and ARDS.…”

Essential oil composition of sweet basil cultivars as affected by nitrogen and potassium fertilization

“…Methyl chavicol, a compound showing a probable carcinogenic effect (De Vincenzi et al 2000;Kaledin et al 2009), which is found in smaller amounts in European basil varieties (Nurzyńska-Wierdak 2007a), has a relaxant and anticonvulsive effect as well as fungistatic and antifungal activity (Leal-Cardoso et al 2004;Młodnicki and Matławska 2006). Eucalyptol (1,8-cineole) has an antiseptic and anesthetic effect, which is utilized in dentistry; furthermore, this compound has been found to have possible anticarcinogenic (Pisano et al 2007), antioxidant (Ogata et al 2000), and antiinflammatory activity (Magalhães et al 2010). Eugenol, as one of the phenolic compounds characteristic of basil volatile oil, shows antioxidant (Juliani and Simon 2002) and antimicrobial activity (Ali et al 2005).…”

Eugenol as a modulator of the immune dialogue between human mononuclears and colon cancer cells

“…In mice with LPS induced lung injury, treatment with eugenol The statistically significant difference in cytokine production between PBMC cultured alone or those with colon cancer cells is presented by ( † P < 0.01) or by ( ‡ P < 0.005). Asterisks represent statistically significant difference from PBMC incubated without (0) or with eugenol (*P < 0.05; **P < 0.01; ***P < 0.001) significantly reduced lung inflammation and inhibited TNF-α level [22]. It is of interest that the anti-inflammatory effect of eugenol can be locally exerted.…”

“…Thus, in a murine model of rheumatoid arthritis eugenol lowered the level of TNF-α, IFN-γ, and TGF-β within the affected joints [16]. Keeping in view the close association between chronic inflammation and cancer development [10,22] and particularly with colon carcinoma [11], the anti-inflammatory effect of eugenol may play a key role in prevention of carcinogenesis. Aggarwal et al [23] have reviewed profoundly the potential of eugenol and the active components of other spices for prevention of cancer.…”