Bacteria exist as a unicellular organism with their community and systematization characteristics in the environment. Quorum sensing (QS), a language for cell-cell communication, helps bacteria regulate gene expression and community behavior, leading to adaptation to environmental changes. QS system is widespread in many kingdoms of microbiomes (bacteria, fungi, and archaea), which could manipulate various physiological behaviors, including bioluminescence, biofilm formation, producing virulence factors, A c c e p t e d https://engine.scichina.com/doi/10.1360/SSV-2021-0167 and establishing symbiosis. However, due to the diversity of the microbial community structure and functional complexity in nature, there are still unknown areas for QS-mediated regulatory networks and ecological mechanisms. The recent vigorous development of synthetic biology may provide new opportunities to probe and explore QS effects. This method has made great achievements in designing genetic element libraries, assembling biological devices, designing genetic circuits, and creating predefined and predictable microbiome consortia. In parallel, synthetic biology can be used as a tool in quorum sensing to regulate the composition and function of communities. Hence, an attempt was made in this review to summarize the latest research. First, we presented several typical QS systems, their functions and signaling pathways. Second, we discussed how to design QS signaling pathways and genetic circuits and how to reduce crosstalk using synthetic biology strategies. Finally, we evaluated the assay on the synthetic QS system and its performance in microbial inter-and intraspecies communication. Thus, this review aims to sort out advanced concepts of synthetic biology, deepen the understanding of constructing a bio-calculation toolkit based on the QS system, control population density and metabolic flow, and expand the application scope of synthetic biology strategy in manipulating QS.