In vivo experimental testing and model identification of human scalp skin

Gambarotta, Luigi; Massabò, Roberta; Morbiducci, Renata; Raposio, Edoardo; Santi, Pier Luigi

doi:10.1016/j.jbiomech.2004.09.034

Cited by 48 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Although a full description of the mechanical behaviour of the skin requires a more complex modelling (Lanir and Fung 1974) the adopted simplifications make the developed growth modelling a feasible task, as discussed in the following. On the other hand, other finite element models recently developed to simulate the mechanical behaviour of the skin during wound closure or surgical procedures adopted similar assumptions (Kirby et al 1998;Bischoff et al 2000;Gambarotta et al 2005) in order to simplify the numerical simulation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Axisymmetric Computational Model of Skin Expansion and Growth

Socci

Pennati

Gervaso

et al. 2006

Biomech Model Mechanobiol

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Skin expansion is the principal technique used in plastic surgery to repair large cutaneous defects, typically after tumour removal, burn care, craniofacial surgery and post-mastectomy breast reconstruction. It allows a gain of new tissue by means of gradual expansion of a prosthesis, surgically implanted beneath the patient's skin. Nevertheless, wide clinical use is not supported by a deep quantitative knowledge of the phenomena occurring during the expansion. A finite element model of the skin expansion was developed to evaluate the stresses and the strains of the skin due to the expander inflation and validated by proper in vitro experiments; furthermore, a growth model based on the mechanical stimulus was implemented to estimate the skin area gain. The developed computational approach, composed of the skin expansion model interaction and the growth law, proved its validity to investigate skin expansion phenomena: its use suggests a new predictive tool to optimize clinical procedures and the expander devices' design.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Axisymmetric Computational Model of Skin Expansion and Growth

Socci

Pennati

Gervaso

et al. 2006

Biomech Model Mechanobiol

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“…Since it is impossible to capture the full mechanical response of human skin in one single experiment, different types of experiments have been performed to partially capture this response. Most studies involved experiments on in vivo human skin, comprising uniaxial tensile (Mahmud et al, 2012;Delalleau et al, 2008b;Gambarotta et al, 2005), multiaxial tensile (Flynn et al, 2011(Flynn et al, , 2011(Flynn et al, , 2013Khatyr et al, 2004;Kvistedal and Nielsen, 2009), suction (Khatyr et al, 2006;Delalleau et al, 2008aDelalleau et al, , 2011Delalleau et al, , 2012Hendriks et al, 2003) and indentation (Groves et al, 2012;Delalleau et al, 2006;Kumar et al, 2015) experiments. Although it is preferable to measure skin in its natural environment, in vivo measurements have limitations for several reasons.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Other constitutive models described the mechanical behavior as linear elastic (Delalleau et al, 2006), nonlinear (hyper)elastic using Ogden (Groves et al, 2012(Groves et al, , 2013Jor et al, 2011;Li and Xiaoyu, 2016;Evans, 2009;Flynn et al, 2011Flynn et al, , 2011Karimi et al, 2015;Mahmud et al, 2012;Lapeer et al, 2010;Limbert, 2011), Mooney-Rivlin (Flynn et al, 2013;Hendriks et al, 2003), (extended) Neo-Hookean (Delalleau et al, 2008a(Delalleau et al, , 2011(Delalleau et al, , 2012, Kalman filters (Delalleau et al, 2008b), Tong-Fung (Kvistedal and Nielsen, 2009;Gambarotta et al, 2005) or viscoelastic (Lokshin and Lanir, 2009a;Khatyr et al, 2004;Holt et al, 2008;Bischoff, 2006;Karimi et al, 2016;Kumar et al, 2015). The necessity to capture a certain level of mechanical complexity with a constitutive model is dependent on the application.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A model of human skin under large amplitude oscillatory shear

Soetens

Vijven

Bader

et al. 2018

Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials

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A B S T R A C TSkin mechanics is of importance in various fields of research when accurate predictions of the mechanical response of skin is essential. This study aims to develop a new constitutive model for human skin that is capable of describing the heterogeneous, nonlinear viscoelastic mechanical response of human skin under shear deformation. This complex mechanical response was determined by performing large amplitude oscillatory shear (LAOS) experiments on ex vivo human skin samples. It was combined with digital image correlation (DIC) on the cross-sectional area to assess heterogeneity. The skin is modeled as a one-dimensional layered structure, with every sublayer behaving as a nonlinear viscoelastic material. Heterogeneity is implemented by varying the stiffness with skin depth. Using an iterative parameter estimation method all model parameters were optimized simultaneously. The model accurately captures strain stiffening, shear thinning, softening effect and nonlinear viscous dissipation, as experimentally observed in the mechanical response to LAOS. The heterogeneous properties described by the model were in good agreement with the experimental DIC results. The presented mathematical description forms the basis for a future constitutive model definition that, by implementation in a finite element method, has the capability of describing the full 3D mechanical behavior of human skin.

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“…Pérez del Palomar et al [1] fitted the constant of a neo-Hookean model for the tissue inside the breast with this technique. This tissue was then covered with a layer of skin, modelled with a polynomial strain energy function and with constants taken from the experimental results obtained by Gambarotta et al [19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A polynomial hyperelastic model for the mixture of fat and glandular tissue in female breast

Calvo-Gallego

Martínez-Reina

Domı́nguez

2015

Numer Methods Biomed Eng

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In the breast of adult women, glandular and fat tissues are intermingled and cannot be clearly distinguished. This work studies if this mixture can be treated as a homogenized tissue. A mechanical model is proposed for the mixture of tissues as a function of the fat content. Different distributions of individual tissues and geometries have been tried to verify the validity of the mixture model. A multiscale modelling approach was applied in a finite element model of a representative volume element (RVE) of tissue, formed by randomly assigning fat or glandular elements to the mesh. Both types of tissues have been assumed as isotropic, quasi-incompressible hyperelastic materials, modelled with a polynomial strain energy function, like the homogenized model. The RVE was subjected to several load cases from which the constants of the polynomial function of the homogenized tissue were fitted in the least squares sense. The results confirm that the fat volume ratio is a key factor in determining the properties of the homogenized tissue, but the spatial distribution of fat is not so important. Finally, a simplified model of a breast was developed to check the validity of the homogenized model in a geometry similar to the actual one.

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In vivo experimental testing and model identification of human scalp skin

Cited by 48 publications

References 29 publications

An Axisymmetric Computational Model of Skin Expansion and Growth

An Axisymmetric Computational Model of Skin Expansion and Growth

A model of human skin under large amplitude oscillatory shear

A polynomial hyperelastic model for the mixture of fat and glandular tissue in female breast

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