Local
drug delivery has become an effective method for
disease
therapy in fine organs including ears, eyes, and noses. However, the
multiple anatomical and physiological barriers, unique clearance pathways,
and sensitive perceptions characterizing these organs have led to
suboptimal drug delivery efficiency. Here, we developed dexamethasone
sodium phosphate-encapsulated gelatin methacryloyl (Dexsp@GelMA) microgel
particles, with finely tunable size through well-designed microfluidics,
as otic drug delivery vehicles for hearing loss therapy. The release
kinetics, encapsulation efficiency, drug loading efficiency, and cytotoxicity
of the GelMA microgels with different degrees of methacryloyl substitution
were comprehensively studied to optimize the microgel formulation.
Compared to bulk hydrogels, Dexsp@GelMA microgels of certain sizes
hardly cause air-conducted hearing loss in vivo.
Besides, strong adhesion of the microgels on the round window membrane
was demonstrated. Moreover, the Dexsp@GelMA microgels, via intratympanic administration, could ameliorate acoustic noise-induced
hearing loss and attenuate hair cell loss and synaptic ribbons damage
more effectively than Dexsp alone. Our results strongly support the
adhesive and intricate microfluidic-derived GelMA microgels as ideal
intratympanic delivery vehicles for inner ear disease therapies, which
provides new inspiration for microfluidics in drug delivery to the
fine organs.