In vivo investigation of 3D printed polycaprolactone/graphene electro-active bone scaffolds

Nalesso, Paulo Roberto Lopes; Wang, Weiguang; Hou, Yanhao; Bagne, Leonardo; Pereira, Amanda Tavares; Helaehil, Júlia Venturini; Andrade, Thiago Antônio Moretti de; Chiarotto, Gabriela Bortolança; Bartolo, Paulo Jorge Da Silva; Caetano, Guilherme Ferreira

doi:10.1016/j.bprint.2021.e00164

Cited by 22 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…Two conductive metal electrode probes were placed gently in contact with the animal’s head, around the bone defect ( Figure 2 c), for 5 min at 10 μA (galvanic electrical current), twice a week, throughout the three experimental periods. The efficacy of the ES protocol, and its clinical reasoning, have been discussed previously [ 20 , 21 , 22 ].…”

Section: Experimental Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

In Vivo Investigation of Polymer-Ceramic PCL/HA and PCL/β-TCP 3D Composite Scaffolds and Electrical Stimulation for Bone Regeneration

et al. 2021

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Critical bone defects are a major clinical challenge in reconstructive bone surgery. Polycaprolactone (PCL) mixed with bioceramics, such as hydroxyapatite (HA) and tricalcium phosphate (TCP), create composite scaffolds with improved biological recognition and bioactivity. Electrical stimulation (ES) aims to compensate the compromised endogenous electrical signals and to stimulate cell proliferation and differentiation. We investigated the effects of composite scaffolds (PCL with HA; and PCL with β-TCP) and the use of ES on critical bone defects in Wistar rats using eight experimental groups: untreated, ES, PCL, PCL/ES, HA, HA/ES, TCP, and TCP/ES. The investigation was based on histomorphometry, immunohistochemistry, and gene expression analysis. The vascular area was greater in the HA/ES group on days 30 and 60. Tissue mineralization was greater in the HA, HA/ES, and TCP groups at day 30, and TCP/ES at day 60. Bmp-2 gene expression was higher in the HA, TCP, and TCP/ES groups at day 30, and in the TCP/ES and PCL/ES groups at day 60. Runx-2, Osterix, and Osteopontin gene expression were also higher in the TCP/ES group at day 60. These results suggest that scaffolds printed with PCL and TCP, when paired with electrical therapy application, improve bone regeneration.

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Section: Experimental Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

In Vivo Investigation of Polymer-Ceramic PCL/HA and PCL/β-TCP 3D Composite Scaffolds and Electrical Stimulation for Bone Regeneration

et al. 2021

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“…[1] To date, the main guideline for these defects is autografts, allografts, and xenografting which suffer from some drawbacks such as limited bone donor supply, indicating insufficient reproducibility, limited ability to adjust pore geometry and pore size, the necessity of additional surgery and immune rejection. [2][3][4] Hence, to address these issues, bone tissue engineering has been introduced to regenerate specific and functional human bone tissue. [5] Scaffolds play a central role in tissue engineering and serve as a temporary template to provide structural supports for guiding cells and constructing new tissue.…”

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confidence: 99%

Biomimetic Polycaprolactone‐Graphene Oxide Composites for 3D Printing Bone Scaffolds

Sahafnejad‐Mohammadi

Rahmati

Najmoddin

et al. 2023

Macro Materials & Eng

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Bone shows a radial gradient architecture with the exterior densified cortical bone and the interior porous cancellous bone. However, previous studies presented uniform designs for bone scaffolds that do not mimic natural bone's gradient structure. Hence, mimicking native bone structures is still challenging in bone tissue engineering. In this study, a novel biomimetic bone scaffold with Haversian channels is designed, which approximates mimicking the native bone structure. Also, the influence of adding graphene oxide (GO) to polycaprolactone (PCL)-based scaffolds are investigated by preparing PCL/GO composite ink containing 0.25% and 0.75% GO and then 3D printing scaffolds by an extrusion-based machine. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) is used for morphological analysis. SEM reveals good printability and interconnected pore structure. The contact angle test shows that wettability reinforces with the increase of GO content. The mechanical behavior of the scaffolds under compression is examined numerically and experimentally. The results indicate that incorporation of GO can affect bone scaffolds' Young's modulus and von Mises stress distribution. Moreover, the biodegradation rates accelerate in the PCL/GO scaffolds. Biological characterizations, such as cell growth, viability, and attachment, are performed utilizing osteoblast cells. Compared to pure PCL, an enhancement is observed in cell viability in the PCL/GO scaffolds.

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“…Several articles implementing GO also showed faster bone formation, 45,54,98 an important benefit given that in vivo regeneration requires faster resolution to guarantee better long-term results. All articles reviewed using different types of graphene (Graphene, GO, RGO and other) showed an increase in bone formation, but six of GO, 31,35,45,64,77,98 two of pure graphene, 79,110 and one of RGO 102 articles showed also accelerated osteogenesis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A scoping review of graphene-based biomaterials for in vivo bone tissue engineering

Achôa

Mattos²,

Clements

et al. 2023

J Biomater Appl

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The growing demand for more efficient materials for medical applications brought together two previously distinct fields: medicine and engineering. Regenerative medicine has evolved with the engineering contributions to improve materials and devices for medical use. In this regard, graphene is one of the most promising materials for bone tissue engineering and its potential for bone repair has been studied by several research groups. The aim of this study is to conduct a scoping review including articles published in the last 12 years (from 2010 to 2022) that have used graphene and its derivatives (graphene oxide and reduced graphene) in preclinical studies for bone tissue regeneration, searching in PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Central, and clinicaltrials.gov (to confirm no study has started with clinical trial). Boolean searches were performed using the defined key words “bone” and “graphene”, and manuscript abstracts were uploaded to Rayyan, a web-tool for systematic and scoping reviews. This scoping review was conducted based on Joanna Briggs Institute Manual for Scoping Reviews and the report follows the recommendations of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses – Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA- ScR) statement. After the search protocol and application of the inclusion criteria, 77 studies were selected and evaluated by five blinded researchers. Most of the selected studies used composite materials associated with graphene and its derivatives to natural and synthetic polymers, bioglass, and others. Although a variety of graphene materials were analyzed in these studies, they all concluded that graphene, its derivatives, and its composites improve bone repair processes by increasing osteoconductivity, osteoinductivity, new bone formation, and angiogenesis. Thus, this systematic review opens up new opportunities for the development of novel strategies for bone tissue engineering with graphene.

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In vivo investigation of 3D printed polycaprolactone/graphene electro-active bone scaffolds

Cited by 22 publications

References 49 publications

In Vivo Investigation of Polymer-Ceramic PCL/HA and PCL/β-TCP 3D Composite Scaffolds and Electrical Stimulation for Bone Regeneration

In Vivo Investigation of Polymer-Ceramic PCL/HA and PCL/β-TCP 3D Composite Scaffolds and Electrical Stimulation for Bone Regeneration

Biomimetic Polycaprolactone‐Graphene Oxide Composites for 3D Printing Bone Scaffolds

A scoping review of graphene-based biomaterials for in vivo bone tissue engineering

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