In vivo manganese-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging reveals connections and functional properties of the songbird vocal control system

Linden, Annemie Van der; Verhoye, Marleen; Meir, Vincent Van; Tindemans, Ilse; Eens, Marcel; Absil, Philippe; Balthazart, Jacques

doi:10.1016/s0306-4522(02)00070-2

Cited by 130 publications

(128 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…This could account for some of the spread of reported apparent Mn 2þ transport velocities in CNS axons estimated as 2.8 mm/h in rat ON (13), 2 mm/h in the mouse ON (9), 2.1-2.6 mm/h, and 4.6-6.1 mm/h in the rat (sub)-cortical structures and corticofugal pathways (10), 4 mm/h in the rat olfactory bulb (16), 0.64-1.42 mm/ h in the macaque monkey striatum (11), and 2-6 mm/h in a songbird brain (12). Furthermore, the apparent transport velocity did not seem to reflect the mean of the velocity distributions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since then, MEMRI has become an established technique for in vivo anatomical CNS tract-tracing in various animal models (9)(10)(11)(12)(13) and has recently been extended to dynamic tracing (14)(15)(16). MEMRI utilizes the paramagnetic property of the manganese ion (Mn 2þ ) and takes advantage of Mn 2þ being a calcium (Ca 2þ ) analog in biological systems.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Even though Mn 2þ CNS axonal transport rates have been reported in various studies (9)(10)(11)(12)(13)16), a more thorough investigation of Mn 2þ transport that addresses issues like entering of Mn 2þ into axons, multiple transport rates, and axonal clearance are needed before MEMRI has application in in vivo studies of neurodegenerative diseases. The previous studies used two timepoints and positions to estimate transport rates, while several positions and timepoints are needed to reveal multiple transport rates.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Manganese transport in the rat optic nerve evaluated with spatial‐ and time‐resolved magnetic resonance imaging

Olsen

Kristoffersen

Thuen

et al. 2010

Magnetic Resonance Imaging

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Purpose: 1) To evaluate a novel theoretical model for in vivo axonal Mn 2þ transport with MRI data from the rat optic nerve (ON); and 2) to compare predictions from the new model with previously reported experimental data. Materials and Methods:Time-resolved in vivo T 1 -weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of adult female Sprague-Dawley rat (n ¼ 9) ON was obtained at different timepoints after intravitreal MnCl 2 injection. A concentration-dependent and a rate-dependent function for the Mn 2þ retinal ganglion cell (RGC) axon entrance was convolved with three different transport functions and each model system was optimized to fit the ON data.Results: The rate-limited input function gave a better fit to the data than the concentration-limited input. Simulations showed that the rate-limited input leads to a semilogarithmic relationship between injected dose and Mn 2þ concentration in the ON, which is in agreement with previously reported in vivo experiments. A random walk transport model and an anterograde predominant slow model gave a similar fit to the data, both better than an anterograde predominant fast model. Conclusion:The results indicate that Mn 2þ input into RGC axons is limited by a maximum entrance rate into the axons. Also, a wide range of apparent Mn 2þ transport rates seems to be involved, different from synaptic vesicle transport rates, meaning that manganese does not depict synaptic vesicle transport rates directly.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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Manganese transport in the rat optic nerve evaluated with spatial‐ and time‐resolved magnetic resonance imaging

Olsen

Kristoffersen

Thuen

et al. 2010

Magnetic Resonance Imaging

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“…As Mn 2þ does not easily cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB), it has to be introduced into the nervous tissue either by circumventing the BBB, using the olfactory, intravitreal, retinal or circumventricular pathway, or by transient pharmacological opening of the BBB in AIM MRI. In songbirds, a different approach was used: manganese was stereotaxically injected directly into the brain to reach the neurons of interest (13). These authors have in addition established and validated a procedure with permanent cannulation of the target to improve the reproducibility of repeated injections even when performed several weeks apart (12).…”

Section: Fmri Methodologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The main reason is the difficulty of maintaining the physiological variables within the narrow boundaries dictated by the haemodynamic response. Several common anaesthesia protocols have been used in MEMRI studies, such as ketamine in birds (13) and urethane (33), pentobarbital (7) or isoflurane in mice [e.g. (34)] and songbirds, as safe and ultralight anaesthesia for auditory perception studies (12).…”

Section: Choice Of Anaesthesia and Effect On Brain Activationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current status of functional MRI on small animals: application to physiology, pathophysiology, and cognition

et al. 2007

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This review aims to make the reader aware of the potential of functional MRI (fMRI) in brain activation studies in small animal models. As small animals generally require anaesthesia for immobilization during MRI protocols, this is believed to be a serious limitation to the type of question that can be addressed with fMRI. We intend to introduce a fresh view with an in-depth overview of the surprising number of fMRI applications in a wide range of important research domains in neuroscience. These include the pathophysiology of brain functioning, the basic science of activity, and functional connectivity of different sensory circuits, including sensory brain mapping, the challenges when studying the hypothalamus as the major control centre in the central nervous system, and the limbic system as neural substrate for emotions and reward. Finally the contribution of small animal fMRI research to cognitive neuroscience is outlined. This review avoids focusing exclusively on traditional small laboratory animals such as rodents, but rather aims to broaden the scope by introducing alternative lissencephalic animal models such as songbirds and fish, as these are not yet well recognized as neuroimaging study subjects. These models are well established in many other neuroscience disciplines, and this review will show that their investigation with in vivo imaging tools will open new doors to cognitive neuroscience and the study of the autonomous nervous system in experimental animals.

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Cellular Therapies and Cell Tracking

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Herynek

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Textbook Ofin Vivo Imaging in Vertebrates

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In vivo manganese-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging reveals connections and functional properties of the songbird vocal control system

Cited by 130 publications

References 33 publications

Manganese transport in the rat optic nerve evaluated with spatial‐ and time‐resolved magnetic resonance imaging

Manganese transport in the rat optic nerve evaluated with spatial‐ and time‐resolved magnetic resonance imaging

Current status of functional MRI on small animals: application to physiology, pathophysiology, and cognition

Cellular Therapies and Cell Tracking

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