In Vivo Modulatory Effect of Malachite Green on Cytochrome P450 and Antioxidant Enzyme Activities in Rainbow Trout Liver

Abstract

Malachite green is a mutagenic and carcinogenic chemical used in textile and paper industry as a dye and fish farms against ectoparasites as well as bacteria and fungal infections. Aquatic organisms are under the risk of malachite green exposure. In this study, our aim was to determine the effect of two different doses of malachite green on cytochrome P450 system and antioxidant system in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). For this purpose, 24 fish were randomly divided into three groups namely control, 0.1 mg/L malachite green treatment group and 0.5 mg/L malachite green treatment group. Highly elevated 7-ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase activities (EROD) were measured in fish treated with 0.5 mg/L malachite green. 7-pentoxyresorufin O-depentylase (PROD) activities increased with increasing doses of malachite green. Catalase (CAT) and glutathione reductase (GR) activities of 0.1 mg/L malachite green administration group were higher than that of the control group. Erythromycin N-demethylase (ERND) activities were higher in treatment groups than that of the control group. However, these differences in ERND activities were not statistically significant. Glutathione S-transferase (GST) activities were not affected from the malachite green treatment in both of the treatment groups. In this study, it is clear that malachite green has modulatory effect on EROD, PROD, CAT and GR activities in rainbow trout.