In vivo polyploidy induction of Phalaenopsis amabilis in a bubble bioreactor system using colchicine

Mohammadi, Mohsen; Kaviani, Behzad; Sedaghathoor, Shahram

doi:10.1590/2447-536x.v27i2.2275

Cited by 10 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Colchicine inhibits the binding of the tubulin dimer and the polymerization of the mitotic spindle, causing an incomplete production of the spindle fibre and blocking the separation of chromosomes in metaphase, this causes an increase in the ploidy level 8 . Despite that colchicine is a polyploidy initiator, it has a toxic effect at high concentrations, causing high mortality and abnormal plants 26,27 . A high ploidy level in bananas generally increases vigour compared to the normal diploid but they spend a lot of energy and time duplication on their DNA 25 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vitro Tissue Culture Techniques and Colchicine-Induced Polyploidy in Banana (Musa, AA Group) ‘Kluai Khai’

Khamrit¹,

Jongrungkl²

2021

Asian J. of Plant Sciences

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Background and Objective: In vitro tissue culture techniques for both shoot and root induction and the colchicine-induced approach on the banana (Musa, AA group) ʻKluai Khaiʼ cultivar have been very limited. The purpose of this research was to determine the optimal conditions for plantlet regeneration and polyploidy induction in Kluai Khai. Materials and Methods: Shoot tips of banana were cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) solidified medium amended with 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) at different concentrations for shoot induction and the obtained shoots were transferred to MS medium containing Naphthalene Acetic Acid (NAA) at different concentrations for root induction. For polyploidy induction, banana shoots were transferred to liquid MS medium supplemented with various concentrations of colchicine (0, 0.05, 0.10, 0.15 and 0.20%) for 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 days. Results: MS medium supplemented with 2.5 mg LG 1 BAP was most effective in inducing shoot multiplication, with maximum shoots per explant and height of shoot. MS medium amended with 0.5 mg LG 1 NAA was most appropriate for rooting (100%) with an average of 9.30 roots per shoot and a length of 5.48 cm. Moreover, the treatment with 0.15% colchicine for 3 days appeared to be the most effective combination for generating tetraploids, with the highest viability of explants. Moreover, in terms of leaf anatomy, the tetraploid plants had larger stomata than the diploid of Kluai Khai. Conclusion: MS medium supplemented with 2.5 mg LG 1 BAP and 0.5 mg LG 1 NAA were optimal conditions for the shoot and root induction and 0.15% colchicine for 3 days was most effective for tetraploids generation of Kluai Khai banana.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vitro Tissue Culture Techniques and Colchicine-Induced Polyploidy in Banana (Musa, AA Group) ‘Kluai Khai’

Khamrit¹,

Jongrungkl²

2021

Asian J. of Plant Sciences

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“…Most studies have been concentrated on commercially important genera useful in floriculture, medicine, and food condiments, such as Cattleya, Cymbidium, Dendrobium, Oncidium, Phalaenopsis, Paphiopedilum, Vanilla, and Vanda [32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39]. The most common techniques used for polyploid identification in these orchids are chromosomal counting [38][39][40] and nuclear DNA content estimation using flow cytometry (FCM) [33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41].…”

Section: Orchid Karyotypementioning

confidence: 99%

“…bicolor has 2n = 40 and C. bicolor spp. minasgeraensis has 2n = 80) [32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42], C. nobilior, which has 2n = 42, and also other tetraploid species of Cattleya (2n = 80) [32]. The other chromosomal variations reported are 21, 27 and 30 [32].…”

Section: Orchid Karyotypementioning

confidence: 99%

Polyploidization in Orchids: From Cellular Changes to Breeding Applications

Vilcherrez-Atoche

Iiyama

Cardoso

2022

Plants

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Polyploidy occurs naturally in plants through cell division errors or can artificially be induced by antimitotic agents and has ecological effects on species adaptation, evolution, and development. In agriculture, polyploidy provides economically improved cultivars. Furthermore, the artificial induction of polyploids increases the frequency; thus, it accelerates obtaining polyploid plants used in breeding programs. This is the reason for its use in developing many crops of economic interest, as is the case of orchids in the flower market. Polyploidy in ornamental plants is mainly associated with flowers of larger size, fragrance, and more intense coloring when compared to naturally diploid plants. Currently, orchids represent the largest flower market worldwide; thus, breeding programs aim to obtain flowers with the larger size, durability, intense colors, and resistance to pathogens. Furthermore, orchid hybridization with polyploidy induction has been used to produce improved hybrid cultivars. Thus, the objective of this review was to compile information regarding the natural occurrence, importance, and methods of induction of polyploidy in orchids. The study also summarizes the significance of polyploids and techniques associated with artificially inducing polyploidy in different orchids of commercial relevance.

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“…Cattleya, Cymbidium, Dendrobium, Oncidium, Phalaenopsis, Paphiopedilum, Vanilla, and Vanda are examples of commercially significant genera that are valuable in floriculture, medicinal, and food condiments (da Rocha Perini et al, 2016;Vilcherrez-Atoche et al, 2022). Chromosomal counting and nuclear DNA content estimation with flow cytometry (FCM) are the most popular techniques employed for polyploid identification in these orchids (Younis et al, 2013;Mohammadi et al, 2021). Using flow cytometry, the genetic traits and types of endoreplication of 149 orchid species were compared.…”

Section: Genome Size and Ploidy Analysis Of The Orchidmentioning

confidence: 99%

In-depth analysis of genomes and functional genomics of orchid using cutting-edge high-throughput sequencing

et al. 2022

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High-throughput sequencing technology has been facilitated the development of new methodologies and approaches for studying the origin and evolution of plant genomes and subgenomes, population domestication, and functional genomics. Orchids have tens of thousands of members in nature. Many of them have promising application potential in the extension and conservation of the ecological chain, the horticultural use of ornamental blossoms, and the utilization of botanical medicines. However, a large-scale gene knockout mutant library and a sophisticated genetic transformation system are still lacking in the improvement of orchid germplasm resources. New gene editing tools, such as the favored CRISPR-Cas9 or some base editors, have not yet been widely applied in orchids. In addition to a large variety of orchid cultivars, the high-precision, high-throughput genome sequencing technology is also required for the mining of trait-related functional genes. Nowadays, the focus of orchid genomics research has been directed to the origin and classification of species, genome evolution and deletion, gene duplication and chromosomal polyploidy, and flower morphogenesis-related regulation. Here, the progressing achieved in orchid molecular biology and genomics over the past few decades have been discussed, including the evolution of genome size and polyploidization. The frequent incorporation of LTR retrotransposons play important role in the expansion and structural variation of the orchid genome. The large-scale gene duplication event of the nuclear genome generated plenty of recently tandem duplicated genes, which drove the evolution and functional divergency of new genes. The evolution and loss of the plastid genome, which mostly affected genes related to photosynthesis and autotrophy, demonstrated that orchids have experienced more separate transitions to heterotrophy than any other terrestrial plant. Moreover, large-scale resequencing provide useful SNP markers for constructing genetic maps, which will facilitate the breeding of novel orchid varieties. The significance of high-throughput sequencing and gene editing technologies in the identification and molecular breeding of the trait-related genes in orchids provides us with a representative trait-improving gene as well as some mechanisms worthy of further investigation. In addition, gene editing has promise for the improvement of orchid genetic transformation and the investigation of gene function. This knowledge may provide a scientific reference and theoretical basis for orchid genome studies.

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In vivo polyploidy induction of Phalaenopsis amabilis in a bubble bioreactor system using colchicine

Cited by 10 publications

References 28 publications

In vitro Tissue Culture Techniques and Colchicine-Induced Polyploidy in Banana (Musa, AA Group) ‘Kluai Khai’

In vitro Tissue Culture Techniques and Colchicine-Induced Polyploidy in Banana (Musa, AA Group) ‘Kluai Khai’

Polyploidization in Orchids: From Cellular Changes to Breeding Applications

In-depth analysis of genomes and functional genomics of orchid using cutting-edge high-throughput sequencing

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