In vivo properties of attenuated rubella virus, ?Cendehill?� strain

Abstract

SummaryThe in vivo properties of the "Cendehill" strain of attenuated rubella virus were further studied. The absence of seroconversion in rabbits inoculated subcutaneously was confirmed. When the virus was given intravenously most rabbits seroconverted and virus could be recovered from the organs of inoculated animals. Virulent virus given subcutaneously even in minute amounts, regularly evoked antibodies.When given by the combined intrathalamic, intraspinal and intramuscular routes, the "Cendehill" strain evoked antibodies in about one third of Cercopithecus monkeys in 17 to 19 days. When cortisone was given simultaneously with the virus the seroconversion rate in monkeys inoculated under similar conditions dropped to about 3O/o . A depressive effect of cortisone on the production of antibodies was also observed when virulent virus or the attenuated RA27/3 virus were used.Comparative tests with virulent virus and "Cendehill" virus were also carried out in the following species: rats, mice, ferrets, gerbils and guinea-pigs. They all responded serologically to a single parenteral inoculation of wild virus. Mice, ferrets, gerbils and guinea-pigs failed to seroconvert when inoculated with "Cendehill" virus. The rat was the only species in which a seroconversion could be regularly obtained.

Genetic stability in humans of the rabbit immunogenic marker of Cendehill rubella vaccine virus

“…The route of inoculation, the number of virus doses, the virus titer of the inoculum and the tissue culture passage history of the various strains seemed to influence their results. In contrast, ZYGnAICH et al (12) obtained a considerable antibody response to Cendehill vaccine administered by the same route. In contrast, ZYGnAICH et al (12) obtained a considerable antibody response to Cendehill vaccine administered by the same route.…”

“…Lo~Do~r et al (7) found that the immune response observed in rabbits following a single intravenous injection, differentiated clearly between 'wild' and vaccine (HPV-77, RA27/3 and Cendehill) strains. While in one study (12) as little as 5 TCID50 of a 'wild' virus strain administered subcutaneously were sufficient to evoke antibody response in rabbits, in another report two doses of 1000 TCIDs0 of 'wild' virus inoculated by the same route were required to achieve a similar effect (9). While in one study (12) as little as 5 TCID50 of a 'wild' virus strain administered subcutaneously were sufficient to evoke antibody response in rabbits, in another report two doses of 1000 TCIDs0 of 'wild' virus inoculated by the same route were required to achieve a similar effect (9).…”

“…1 Presented in part at the 73rd Annual Meeting of the American Society for Microbiology, Miami Beach, Fla., U.S.A., May 2--4, 1973. The in vivo markers in animals appeared to be a more reliable index of attcnua.. tion (7,9), particularly with respect to the Cendehill rubella virus vaccine (4,12) but the test results depended to a large extent on the techniques employed. Serial passage of the Cendehill rubella strain in primary rabbit kidney cells led to a loss of its immunogenicity for several animal species (12).…”

“…Serial passage of the Cendehill rubella strain in primary rabbit kidney cells led to a loss of its immunogenicity for several animal species (12). The absence of seroconversion in rabbits inoculated subcutaneously with the Ccndehill vaccine is well documented (12) and constitutes the basis of the rabbit marker test for Cendehill rubella vaccines. While this marker test has proven reliable for the characterization of the vaccine prepared in the laboratory, there are few data concerning the stability of this marker following passage of the vaccine virus in the human host, information essential for identification of a rubella virus isolate of unknown origin (9).…”

Time-course induction of apoptosis by wild-type and attenuated strains of rubella virus

“…The Cendehill strain was obtained from SmithKline and French (Peetermans & Huygelen, 1967). Cendehill was chosen as it is more attenuated than the current vaccine strain, RA27/3 (Banatvala & Best, 1989;Chantler et al, 1993;Zygraich et al, 1971). RK13 cells were infected with RN and/or Cendehill strains of RV at an m.o.i.…”