In vivo Quantification of Acyclovir Exposure in the Dermis Following Iontophoresis of Semisolid Formulations

Shukla, Chinmay; Friden, Phillip M.; Juluru, Ravi; Stagni, Grazia

doi:10.1002/jps.21474

Cited by 24 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…In addition, the current commercial formulations are not effective at controlling and shortening the duration and severity of outbreaks. In vivo and in vitro studies have demonstrated the ability of iontophoresis to enhance the skin permeability of acyclovir [127,128]. Iontophoretic studies involving acyclovir have confirmed the clinical effectiveness of this mode of delivery [121].…”

Section: Iontophoresismentioning

confidence: 86%

Topical Dermatological Drug Delivery: Quo Vadis?

Akomeah

2010

CDD

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Skin disease (dermatological conditions') affects at least one-third of the US population and has been cited as one of the top 15 medical conditions for which prevalence and healthcare spending increased in the last decade. The outcome of topical dermatological drug treatment is significantly influenced by the choice of vehicle or delivery system. Advancements in the life sciences coupled with a growing market for dermatologicals have facilitated the emergence of improved topical formulations and drug delivery systems. The current and emerging approaches of optimizing the topical delivery of dermatological agents (small and large molecules) include the use of chemical enhancers, bio-polymers (e.g. sodium hyaluronate), liposomes, particulate carriers (microspheres and lipid nanoparticles), topical sprays and foams, occlusion (via dressings and patches) topical peels, temperature (heat), iontophoresis and ultrasound. These delivery approaches (when used solely or in a synergistic manner) are a significant improvement over conventional systems (creams, lotions, ointments and pastes) and have the potential to enhance efficacy and tolerability, improve patient compliance (including dermatology life quality), and also fulfil other unmet needs of the topical dermatological market.

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Section: Iontophoresismentioning

confidence: 86%

Topical Dermatological Drug Delivery: Quo Vadis?

Akomeah

2010

CDD

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“…Previously, several methods have been used to increase the MD probe recovery, by removing the stratum corneum or decreasing the local blood flow rate with the aid of vasoconstriction agents 32,33 . For 5% ACV ointment applied on rabbit skin, Stagni et al obtained a recovery of ACV of 12.5 ± 3.5% at a flow rate of 3 µL/min for DMD using a microdialysis membrane with a 18-kDa molecular cutoff 22 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Topical bioequivalence of acyclovir creams using dermal microdialysis in pigs: a new model to evaluate bioequivalence for topical formulations

Hui-lin¹,

Wang

Xu³

et al. 2011

Drug Development and Industrial Pharmacy

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The aim was to evaluate the bioequivalence of topically applied Acyclovir (ACV) creams using dermal microdialysis (DMD) in a pig model. Three ACV creams (3%), ACV1, ACV2 and ACV3, were topically administrated on the dorsum of pigs, and the DMD sampling technique was used to continuously collect microdialysate. The concentration of ACV in microdialysate was measured by HPLC and the concentration-time profiles were used to calculate pharmacokinetic parameters. The results showed that 90% confidence interval (CI) of the ratio of AUC(0-4 h) of ACV2 and ACV3 was between 88.2 and 105.7%, which was within the acceptance range (80-125%). Ninety percent CI of the ratio of C(max) of ACV2 and ACV3 was between 87.4 and 124.4%, which was within the acceptance range (80-125%). These data indicate that ACV2 and ACV3 used in this study were bioequivalent. This study demonstrates that the pig model coupled with DMD sampling can potentially provide a cost-effective strategy to evaluate topical drug delivery and its associated pharmacokinetic studies.

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“…Iontophoresis is a well known technique used to increase transdermal drug delivery and skin retention [22,27–29] . Even if at pH 7.4 aciclovir existed almost completely in its unionized form, different authors have demonstrated the usefulness of this technique due to the electroosmotic mechanism (at pH 7.4 the electroosmotic flow was in the anode‐to‐cathode direction.)…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%