In Vivo RNA Interference Analysis Reveals an Unexpected Role for GNBP1 in the Defense against Gram-positive Bacterial Infection in Drosophila Adults

Pili-Floury, Sébastien; Leulier, François; Takahashi, Kuniaki; Saigo, Kaoru; Samain, Emmanuel; Ueda, Ryo; Lemaître, Bruno

doi:10.1074/jbc.m313324200

Cited by 145 publications

(107 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…In contrast to the rapid identification of TLRs and their ligands, the Drosophila molecules involved in microbial recognition remained unknown until recently. At present, we know that some aspects of microbial recognition in flies are mediated by peptidoglycan-recognition proteins (PGRPs) and Gram-negative-bacteria-binding proteins (GNBPs) 43,[56][57][58][59][60] -two protein families identified, initially in other insects, by their capacity to bind microbial components [61][62][63][64] (FIG. 3).…”

Section: Distinct Functions For Toll and Tlrsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The road to Toll

2004

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Section: Distinct Functions For Toll and Tlrsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The road to Toll

2004

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“…Most in vivo RNAi studies have been performed with invertebrates, mainly arthropods, with the aim of directly assessing phenotype changes. These invertebrates include Caenorhabditis elegans [9,10], digenetic trematodes [11,12], silkworms [13], moth Spodoptera liturs [14], Drosophila [15][16][17], mosquitoes [18,19], honeybee [20], and ticks [21]. In vitro RNAi assays have also been widely applied to cell lines from humans and model organisms such as C. elegans [10], Drosophila [22,23], mosquitoes [24], and mice [25,26].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vivo and in vitro knockdown of FREP2 gene expression in the snail Biomphalaria glabrata using RNA interference

Jiang

Loker

Zhang

2006

Developmental & Comparative Immunology

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RNA interference (RNAi) is reported here for the first time for Biomphalaria glabrata, the snail intermediate host for the human parasite Schistosoma mansoni. The fibrinogen-related protein 2 (FREP2) gene, normally expressed at increased levels following exposure to digenetic trematode parasites, such as S. mansoni or Echinostoma paraensei, was targeted for knockdown. Doublestranded RNA (dsRNA) corresponding to specific regions of the FREP2 gene was introduced into snails by direct injection into the hemolymph, 2 days prior to exposure to trematodes, or added to co-cultures of B. glabrata embryonic (Bge) cells and E. paraensei sporocysts. After introduction of FREP2 dsRNA, expression levels of FREP2 were significantly reduced, to 20-30% of control values. In addition, we were able to disrupt expression of the house-keeping myoglobin gene, further confirming the feasibility of RNAi for B. glabrata. Cross-reactivity in RNAi has not been observed either among four FREP gene subfamilies or between FREP2 and myoglobin. Establishment of RNAi techniques in B. glabrata provides an important tool for clarifying the function of genes believed to play a role in host-parasite interactions, specifically between B. glabrata and its trematode parasites, including S. mansoni.

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“…An additional player in Gram-positive bacterial sensing is the glucan-binding protein 1 (GNBP1) (15,16). Recent biochemical studies revealed a presentation mechanism for the sensing of Gram-positive bacteria in flies (17).…”

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Peptidoglycan recognition protein-SD provides versatility of receptor formation in Drosophila immunity

Wang

Gilbert²,

Atilano³

et al. 2008

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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In Drosophila, the enzymatic activity of the glucan binding protein GNBP1 is needed to present Gram-positive peptidoglycan (PG) to peptidoglycan recognition protein SA (PGRP-SA). However, an additional PGRP (PGRP-SD) has been proposed to play a partially redundant role with GNBP1 and PGRP-SA. To reconcile the genetic results with events at the molecular level, we investigated how PGRP-SD participates in the sensing of Gram-positive bacteria. PGRP-SD enhanced the binding of GNBP1 to Gram-positive PG. PGRP-SD interacted with GNBP1 and enhanced the interaction between GNBP1 and PGRP-SA. A complex containing all three proteins could be detected in native gels in the presence of PG. In solution, addition of a highly purified PG fragment induced the occurrence not only of the ternary complex but also of dimeric subcomplexes. These results indicate that the interplay between the binding affinities of different PGRPs provides sufficient flexibility for the recognition of the highly diverse Gram-positive PG.

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In Vivo RNA Interference Analysis Reveals an Unexpected Role for GNBP1 in the Defense against Gram-positive Bacterial Infection in Drosophila Adults

Cited by 145 publications

References 38 publications

The road to Toll

The road to Toll

In vivo and in vitro knockdown of FREP2 gene expression in the snail Biomphalaria glabrata using RNA interference

Peptidoglycan recognition protein-SD provides versatility of receptor formation in Drosophila immunity

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