In vivo studies on possible adverse effects on reproduction of the fungicide methyl thiophanate

Genotoxic effects of the fungicide thiophanate-methyl on Podarcis sicula assessed by micronucleus test, comet assay and chromosome analysis

“…While early research (Makita et al 1973;Barale et al 1993;Traina et al 1998) tended to underestimate the in vivo and in vitro mutagenic action of TM, recently its genotoxic effect has been recognized to be greater than previously realized (Bolognesi 2003;Saquib et al 2009). In vivo data obtained through biochemical and histological approaches have clearly demonstrated a time-dependent effect of TM exposure on adrenal and thyroid hormone levels in P. sicula, highlighting its ability to affect hormone synthesis and secretion in vivo Sciarrillo et al 2008).…”

“…Like all pesticides, they can affect human health and the environment, hence the need for assessing their effects (Adams and Moss 2008). Thiophanate-methyl (TM), a thioallophanate compound, is a widespread systemic fungicide with a broader range of action and lower general toxicity compared with other common agents used to control important fungal diseases of crops (Canton 1976;Traina et al 1998). It is usually sprayed on cereal, vegetable, and fruit crops, on pastures, and on ornamental plants in fields, nurseries and greenhouses.…”

“…Ingestion is followed by spread throughout the organism. In humans and other animals TM is metabolized to benzimidazole compounds, including methyl-2-benzimidazole carbamate (carbendazim), through cyclization cleavage of the side chains (Traina et al 1998;Maranghi et al 2003).…”

Dissipation Behavior of Thiophanate-Methyl in Apple and Strawberry Fruits under Open Field Conditions

“…Thiophanate-methyl dimethyl [4,4′-(o-phenylene) bis (3-thioallophanate)] is a broad spectrum systemic fungicide which is widely used to control important fungal diseases in fruits, vegetables, field and plantation crops (Traina et al 1998). Which upon spraying of plant is quickly absorbed on its surface and easily transported to the various parts of the plant as methyl benzimidazol carbamate (MBC).…”

Fungicide methyl thiophanate binding at sub-domain IIA of human serum albumin triggers conformational change and protein damage

“…In this study, a broad spectrum systemic fungicide methyl thiophanate (MT) has been chosen for exploring its interaction with HSA. MT is a known category-III acute inhalation toxicant, likely to be carcinogenic to humans and is widely used for the control of some important fungal diseases of crops [24][25][26]. It is a potential spindle poison and impairs the polymerization of tubulin [27] besides causing delayed cellular proliferation and increase in the frequency of apoptosis.…”