In Vivo Three-Dimensional Analysis of Hindfoot Kinematics

Abstract

The data elucidates the baseline segmental motion for comparison with symptomatic subjects which could help us to better understand pathokinematics of various foot and ankle pathologies.

In vivo three-dimensional analysis of hindfoot kinematics in stage II PTTD flatfoot

“…Imai et al [22] reported on the translation of each joint in the hindfoot with ankle from neutral to maximum dorsiflexion or platarflexion using the centroid point of each bone. However, the joint translation is not purely indicated in the study, as the translation was partially influenced by bone rotation and the hindfoot has a complex structure.…”

“…3). Foot and ankle positions were set to be neutral in all axes to make a vertical line connecting the center of the heel and the second metatarsal, with the tibial shaft through the ankle center horizontal and parallel to the CT table [14,22]. CT scanning using a 256 multi-slice CT scanner (100 kV × 80 mA, volume EC, 512 × 512 matrix; 2.5 mm thickness; 2 mm interval; the Philips Brilliance 256, Philips Medical Systems, the Netherlands) was carried out from the axial plane 10 cm proximal to the ankle joint.…”

“…Talonavicular joint motion was defined as the deviation of the navicular relative to the talus; talocalcaneal and calcaneocuboid joint motion was defined as calcaneus relative to the talus and cuboid relative to the calcaneus, respectively [22,26]. Segmental motions of each joint from initial position to terminal position condition were calculated from these translations and rotations of each bone.…”

“…By applying this method, Hirsch et al [20] conducted tarsal-joint kinetics analysis via 3D imaging. There have also been studies in vivo kinematic analyses of hindfoot bones [18,19,21,22]. However, no study has previously addressed the 3D kinetics of the hindfoot with stage II PTTD flatfoot, including both the rotation and translation of each joint.…”

Correlation between hindfoot joint three-dimensional kinematics and the changes of the medial arch angle in stage II posterior tibial tendon dysfunction flatfoot

“…Wen et al (2012) reported that the rotational and translational change of the talocalcaneal joint had little influence on the change of the MLA. In addition, several studies (Imai et al, 2009;Imai et al, 2011;Kido et al, 2011;Ledoux et al, 2006) and our previous study (Zhang et al, 2013) had investigated the rotational and translational change of these three joints under loading in both healthy foot and stage II PTTD flatfoot, using three-dimensional reconstructed loading CT image data. However, to the best of our knowledge, no previous study had reported the correlation between the kinematics of the talocalcaneal joint, the talonavicular joint and the calcanocuboid joint and the change of the …”