In2O3/CdIn2S4 heterojunction-based photoelectrochemical immunoassay of carcinoembryonic antigen with enzymatic biocatalytic precipitation for signal amplification

Ultrasensitive photoelectrochemical biosensing platform based target-triggered biocatalytic precipitation reactions on a flower-like Bi2O2S super-structured photoanode

“…Monoclonal anti-CEA antibody (mAb 1 )-embedded microplates and HRP-labeled detection antibody (HRP-Au NPs-mAb 2 ) were prepared according to a previous report (see the ESI † for a detailed fabrication protocol). 34,35 Prior to the experiment, standard concentrations of CEA samples or actual samples (50 mL per well) were added to the microplates and incubated at 37 1C for capturing the CEA target. Subsequently, PBS buffer solution (pH 7.4, 1.0 mM) was added to the above microplates to wash away the incompletely captured free small molecule proteins and the remaining interferents.…”

Comparable analysis of six immunoassays for carcinoembryonic antigen detection

“…RIA and ELISA have been largely replaced by fully automated CLIA assays. In addition, there are burgeoning technologies for CEA detection in recent decades, such as a signal-on/split-type photoelectrochemical sensing approach, an enhanced pressure-based immunoassay and a novel homogeneous visual fluorescence sensing system [ [7] , [8] , [9] , [10] ]. The reason to compare assays is to assure that patients with a disease will be equally classified by all clinically validated assays and that monitoring may be recommended performed using the same assays, or independently from the assays if results are interchangeable.…”

Photoelectrochemical immunoassay of alpha-fetoprotein based on a SnO2/In2S3 heterojunction and an enzyme-catalyzed precipitation strategy

“…21 CP based on natural enzymes such as horseradish peroxidase (HRP) and alkaline phosphate (ALP) has been reported. 19,22 On the other hand, nanozymes (nanomaterials with enzyme-like properties) have also been widely used because of their good stability and low cost. CeO 2 has received extensive attention in the fields of photocatalysis and biosensor due to its favorable electrical, optical and peroxidase-like properties.…”