Inactivated Poliovirus Vaccine Closing the Type 2 Immunity Gap in Vietnam

Huyen, Dang Thi Thanh; Anh, Đặng Đức; Trung, Nguyễn Thành; Hong, Duong Thi; Thanh, Tran Trung; Truong, Luong Ngoc; Jeyaseelan, Visalakshi; Cavestany, Rocio Lopez; Hendley, William S; Mainou, Bernardo A.; Mach, Ondrej

doi:10.1093/jpids/piac046

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…The addition of one dose of IPV to the bOPV (Arm A) and mOPV1 (Arm B) schedules provided 60-70% seroconversion to type 2, which increased to 97% with the addition of the second dose. IPV also closes the immunity gap against types 1 and 3, as demonstrated in some previous studies [22,23].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

The Immunogenicity of Monovalent Oral Poliovirus Vaccine Type 1 (mOPV1) and Inactivated Poliovirus Vaccine (IPV) in the EPI Schedule of India

Mohanty,

John,

Pawar

et al. 2024

Vaccines

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Background: In 2016, the Global Polio Eradication Initiative (GPEI) recommended the cessation of using type 2 oral poliovirus vaccine (OPV) and OPV, with countries having to switch from the trivalent to bivalent OPV (bOPV) with the addition of inactivated poliovirus vaccine (IPV) in their routine immunization schedule. The current GPEI strategy 2022–2026 includes a bOPV cessation plan and a switch to IPV alone or a combination of vaccine schedules in the future. The focus of our study was to evaluate the immunogenicity of monovalent OPV type 1 (mOPV1) with IPV and IPV-only schedules. Methods: This was a three-arm, multi-center randomized–controlled trial conducted in 2016–2017 in India. Participants, at birth, were randomly assigned to the bOPV-IPV (Arm A) or mOPV1-IPV (Arm B) or IPV (Arm C) schedules. Serum specimens collected at birth and at 14, 18, and 22 weeks old were analyzed with a standard microneutralization assay for all the three poliovirus serotypes. Results: The results of 598 participants were analyzed. The type 1 cumulative seroconversion rates four weeks after the completion of the schedule at 18 weeks were 99.5% (97.0–99.9), 100.0% (97.9–100.0), and 96.0% (92.0–98.1) in Arms A (4bOPV + IPV), B (4mOPV1 + IPV), and C (3IPV), respectively. Type 2 and type 3 seroconversions at 18 weeks were 80.0% (73.7–85.1), 76.9% (70.3–82.4); 93.2% (88.5–96.1), 100.0% (98.0–100.0); and 81.9% (75.6–86.8), 99.4% (96.9–99.9), respectively, in the three arms. Conclusions: This study shows the high efficacy of different polio vaccines for serotype 1 in all three schedules. The type 1 seroconversion rate of mOPV1 is non-inferior to bOPV. All the vaccines provide high type-specific immunogenicity. The program can adopt the use of different vaccines or schedules depending on the epidemiology from time to time.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

The Immunogenicity of Monovalent Oral Poliovirus Vaccine Type 1 (mOPV1) and Inactivated Poliovirus Vaccine (IPV) in the EPI Schedule of India

Mohanty,

John,

Pawar

et al. 2024

Vaccines

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show abstract

“…Addition of one dose of IPV to bOPV (Arm A) and mOPV1 (Arm B) schedules provides 60-70% seroconversion to type 2, which increases to 97% with addition of the second dose. IPV also closes immunity gap against types 1 and 3 as demonstrated in some previous studies [24,25].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

Immunogenicity of Monovalent Oral Poliovirus Vaccine Type 1 (mOPV1) and Inactivated Poliovirus Vaccine (IPV) in EPI Schedule of India

MOHANTY,

John,

PAWAR

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Background In 2016, Global Polio Eradication Initiative (GPEI) recommended cessation of type 2 oral poliovirus vaccine (OPV) and OPV using countries switched from trivalent to bivalent OPV (bOPV) with addition of inactivated poliovirus vaccine (IPV) in the routine immunization schedule. The current GPEI strategy 2022-2026 includes bOPV cessation plan and switching to IPV standalone or the combination vaccine schedules in future. The focus of our study was to evaluate immunogenicity of monovalent OPV type 1 (mOPV1) with IPV and IPV only schedules. Methods This was a three-arm, multi-center randomized controlled trial conducted in 2016-2017 in India. Participants, at birth, were randomly assigned to bOPV-IPV (Arm A) or mOPV1-IPV (Arm B) or IPV (Arm C) schedules. Serum specimens collected at birth, 14-, 18- and 22- weeks age were analyzed with standard microneutralization assay for all three poliovirus serotypes. Results Results of 598 participants were analyzed. The type 1 cumulative seroconversion rates four weeks after completion of the schedule at 18 weeks were 99.5% (97.0-99.9), 100.0% (97.9-100.0) 96.0% (92.0-98.1) in Arms A (4bOPV+IPV), B (4mOPV1+IPV) and C (3IPV) respectively. Type 2 and type 3 seroconversion at 18 weeks were 80.0% (73.7-85.1), 76.9% (70.3-82.4), 93.2% (88.5-96.1) and 100.0% (98.0-100.0), 81.9% (75.6-86.8), 99.4% (96.9-99.9) respectively in the three arms. Conclusions This study shows high efficacy of different polio vaccines for serotype 1 in all three schedules. Type 1 seroconversion rate of mOPV1 is non-inferior to bOPV. All the vaccines provide high type specific immunogenicity. The program can adopt the use of different vaccines or schedules depending on epidemiology from time-to-time.

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“…This was similarly documented in previous seroprevalence surveys in Beijing which sampled children before and after the tOPV to bOPV switch, and in Vietnam where IPV is shown to bridge the type 2 immunity gap. 17 , 18 Girls had a higher rate of type 2 seropositivity as compared to boys (68.0% versus 58.5%, p < 0.01); this association hasn’t been seen in previous studies and we believe it may be incidental, and a study in East Sepik, PNG reveals no significant association between gender and vaccination status. 19 , 20 , 21 Consuming protected water was significantly associated with type 2 seropositivity.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 57%

Poliovirus serological assay after the cVDPV1 outbreak in Papua New Guinea: a cross-sectional study from 2020 to 2021

Pomat,

Lopez Cavestany,

Jeyaseelan

et al. 2024

The Lancet Regional Health - Western Pacific

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Inactivated Poliovirus Vaccine Closing the Type 2 Immunity Gap in Vietnam

Cited by 4 publications

References 5 publications

The Immunogenicity of Monovalent Oral Poliovirus Vaccine Type 1 (mOPV1) and Inactivated Poliovirus Vaccine (IPV) in the EPI Schedule of India

The Immunogenicity of Monovalent Oral Poliovirus Vaccine Type 1 (mOPV1) and Inactivated Poliovirus Vaccine (IPV) in the EPI Schedule of India

Immunogenicity of Monovalent Oral Poliovirus Vaccine Type 1 (mOPV1) and Inactivated Poliovirus Vaccine (IPV) in EPI Schedule of India

Poliovirus serological assay after the cVDPV1 outbreak in Papua New Guinea: a cross-sectional study from 2020 to 2021

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