Inactivated Sendai virus strain Tianjin induces apoptosis and autophagy through reactive oxygen species production in osteosarcoma MG‐63 cells

Abstract

Sendai virus strain Tianjin, a novel genotype of Sendai virus, has been proven to possess potent antitumor effect on certain cancer cell types although inactivated by ultraviolet (UV). This study was carried out to investigate the in vitro anticancer properties of UV-inactivated Sendai virus strain Tianjin (UV-Tianjin) on human osteosarcoma cells and the underlying molecular mechanism. Our studies demonstrated UV-Tianjin significantly inhibited the viability of human osteosarcoma cell lines and triggered apoptosis through activation of both extrinsic and intrinsic pathways in MG-63 cells. Meanwhile, autophagy occurred in UV-Tianjin-treated cells. Blockade of autophagy with 3-methyladenine remarkably attenuated the inhibition of cell proliferation by UV-Tianjin, suggesting that UV-Tianjin-induced autophagy may be contributing to cell death. Furthermore, UV-Tianjin induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, which was involved in the execution of MG-63 cell apoptosis and autophagy, as evidenced by the result that treatment of N-acetyl-L-cysteine, a ROS scavenger, attenuated both apoptosis and autophagy. In addition, inhibition of apoptosis promoted autophagy, whereas suppression of autophagy attenuated apoptosis. Our results suggest that UV-Tianjin triggers apoptosis and autophagic cell death via generation of the ROS in MG-63 cells, which might provide important insights into the effectiveness of novel strategies for osteosarcoma therapy.

Anticancer effect of inactivated Sendai virus strain Tianjin on human osteosarcoma HOS cells

“…However, the molecular mechanisms for the anticancer activity of SeV are poorly understood. Our latest study showed that UV-Tianjin, a new genotype of SeV, significantly suppressed the proliferation of HOS cells in a dose-dependent manner (Han et al 2019). In the present study, we found that UV-Tianjin had no significant effect on the viability of human osteoblasts hFOB1.19, indicating a strong selective effect of UV-Tianjin towards cancer cells.…”

“…Our previous study has shown that treatment with UV-Tianjin for 24 h resulted in a significant dose-dependent decrease in cell viability of HOS cells by MTT assay (Han et al 2019). In the present study, the effect of UV-Tianjin on the viability of human osteoblasts hFOB1.19 was examined.…”

“…Phylogenetic analysis of complete genome has confirmed that Tianjin strain belonged to Paramyxoviridae and was a new genotype of SeV (Shi et al 2008). Our previous studies have demonstrated that UV-inactivated Tianjin strain (UV-Tianjin) may induce apoptosis or autophagy of certain cancer cell lines (Chen et al 2014;Shi et al 2015;Chen et al 2016;Han et al 2019). Whether UV-Tianjin elicits antitumor effect on osteosarcoma HOS cells through apoptosis or autophagy remains unknown.…”

Oncolytic viruses-modulated immunogenic cell death, apoptosis and autophagy linking to virotherapy and cancer immune response

“…Inactivated Sendai virus (ISV) was found to induce ROS-dependent apoptosis and autophagy in human prostate cancer cells ( Qian et al., 2018 ). ISV strain Tianjin also induces apoptosis and autophagy through generation of reactive oxygen species in osteosarcoma MG-63 cells ( Han et al., 2019 ).…”

An Antisense Oligonucleotide Drug Targeting miR-21 Induces H1650 Apoptosis and Caspase Activation

“…Non-small cell lung cancer accounts for approximately 85% of all diagnosed lung cancers. 1 Currently, chemotherapy is still the major treatment method for the control of NSCLC, and platinum-based chemotherapy, such as cisplatin, is widely recommended for advanced patients. However, cisplatin treatment can result in cancer cell drug resistance, which limits the clinical application of cisplatin.…”