Inactivation of E. coli, B. subtilis spores, and MS2, T4, and T7 phage using UV/H2O2 advanced oxidation

Mamane, Hadas; Shemer, Hilla; Linden, Karl G.

doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2007.04.050

Cited by 184 publications

(116 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…UV inactivation of MS2 did not result in sufficient damage to the genome to account for the loss in infectivity. For UV doses below 10,000 J/m 2 , UV inactivation is often equated with its genome-damaging activity, e.g., the production of photoproducts such as thymine dimers or bond breakage (16,23,39). In the current work, however, the maximal loss of qPCR signal could account for only 4.5 of the total 8.7 log units of infectivity loss (Table 2), despite the fact that the maximal UV dose (after 4 min) was 5,900 J/m 2 .…”

Section: Vol 75 2009 Enzymatic Treatment-pcr Tracks Phage Ms2 Infecmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative PCR for Determining the Infectivity of Bacteriophage MS2 upon Inactivation by Heat, UV-B Radiation, and Singlet Oxygen: Advantages and Limitations of an Enzymatic Treatment To Reduce False-Positive Results

Pecson

Martin

Kohn

2009

Appl Environ Microbiol

161

168

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Health risks posed by waterborne viruses are difficult to assess because it is tedious or impossible to determine the infectivity of many viruses. Recent studies hypothesized that quantitative PCR (qPCR) could selectively quantify infective viruses if preceded by an enzymatic treatment (ET) to reduce confounding false-positive signals. The goal of this study was to determine if ET with qPCR (ET-qPCR) can be used to accurately quantify the infectivity of the human viral surrogate bacteriophage MS2 upon partial inactivation by three treatments (heating at 72°C, singlet oxygen, and UV radiation). Viruses were inactivated in buffered solutions and a lake water sample and assayed with culturing, qPCR, and ET-qPCR. To ensure that inactivating genome damage was fully captured, primer sets that covered the entire coding region were used. The susceptibility of different genome regions and the maximum genomic damage after each inactivating treatment were compared. We found that (i) qPCR alone caused false-positive results for all treatments, (ii) ET-qPCR significantly reduced (up to >5.2 log units) but did not eliminate the false-positive signals, and (iii) the elimination of false-positive signals differed between inactivating treatments. By assaying the whole coding region, we demonstrated that genome damage only partially accounts for virus inactivation. The possibility of achieving complete accordance between culture-and PCR-based assays is therefore called into doubt. Despite these differences, we postulate that ET-qPCR can track infectivity, given that decreases in infectivity were always accompanied by dose-dependent decreases in ET-qPCR signal. By decreasing false-positive signals, ET-qPCR improved the detection of infectivity loss relative to qPCR.Water-and food-borne viruses are a major worldwide source of gastroenteritis, and thus the detection and inactivation of infective viruses are important public health priorities. Cell culture can be employed to quantify the infectivity of certain viruses. However, culturing can take days to weeks to yield results, and many viruses important to public health, e.g., hepatitis A and noroviruses, are either difficult to culture or are nonculturable (3,19,38). Immunological and spectrometryand microscopy-based methods have also been developed, but none of them has provided a satisfactory alternative (5,26,43,45).The advent of PCR and quantitative PCR (qPCR) in environmental microbiology had raised hopes that these limitations would be overcome. While PCR lives up to its promise to provide rapid, sensitive, and specific detection of environmental viruses, its ability to differentiate infective from inactivated viruses has not been realized. This is mainly due to the persistence of genomes of inactivated viruses that remain either partially or fully intact. During PCR, intact genomic regions of inactivated viruses are amplified and produce confounding false-positive PCR signals (3,11,37,38,41). These false positives inhibit our ability to use qPCR to obtain quantitative inform...

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Section: Vol 75 2009 Enzymatic Treatment-pcr Tracks Phage Ms2 Infecmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative PCR for Determining the Infectivity of Bacteriophage MS2 upon Inactivation by Heat, UV-B Radiation, and Singlet Oxygen: Advantages and Limitations of an Enzymatic Treatment To Reduce False-Positive Results

Pecson

Martin

Kohn

2009

Appl Environ Microbiol

161

168

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“…MS2 has been shown to survive better than other bacteriophages in acidic environments (Feng et al, 2003). Moreover, Mamane et al (2007) found that nucleotide bases of RNA are more resistant than nucleotide bases of DNA using advanced oxidation for the inactivation process. Although these findings indicate that at an operating pressure of 0.9 MPa a high inactivation ratio of bacteriophages is attained, this pressure exceeds the limitations of normal conditions in water pipelines.…”

Section: Results and Discussion Inactivation Effect Against T4 And Ms2mentioning

confidence: 99%

Disinfection Using Pressurized Carbon Dioxide Microbubbles to Inactivate Escherichia coli, Bacteriophage MS2 and T4

Imai

Yamamoto

et al. 2013

J. of Wat. ^|^ Envir. Tech.

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This study investigated the potential application of pressurized CO 2 for water disinfection. Under supporting high pressure, a high volume of CO 2 microbubbles were produced in a liquid environment. Specifically, the inactivation effects of CO 2 against Escherichia coli, bacteriophage MS2 and T4 were examined at equal pressures (0.3 -0.9 MPa) and temperatures. The optimum conditions were found to be 0.7 MPa and an exposure time of 25 min. Under identical treatment conditions, a greater than 5.0 log reduction in E. coli was achieved, while over 3.0 log and nearly 4.0 log reductions were observed for phage MS2 and phage T4, respectively. Comparison of the inactivation effect of CO 2 , N 2 O, a common acid and buffer solution against phage MS2, revealed that the change in pH caused by CO 2 plays an important role in its virucidal effects. Moreover, the pumping cycle and depressurization rate contributed to the inhibition of microorganisms. Overall, the results of this study indicate that CO 2 has the potential for use as a disinfectant without the formation of by-products.

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“…[75] showed that the addition of H 2 O 2 (at 25 mg L −1 ) in the presence of filtered UV irradiation over a 15 min reaction time did not result in any additional disinfection of bacteriophage T4, while an additional 1-log inactivation for bacteriophage T7 and 2.5-log for bacteriophage MS2 were obtained. As concerns the E. coli inactivation, only a slight additional effect was observed when H 2 O 2 /UV was applied.…”

Section: Hydrogen Peroxide With Uv Radiationmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…These results indicate that for an UV based AOP process, the disinfection due to the presence of OH radicals is very small compared to the damage from the UV irradiation, although for viruses, there may be some oxidative enhancements that can assist disinfection efficacy [75]. Kruithof et al (2007) [77] have studied H 2 O 2 /UV treatment for both primary disinfection and organic contaminant control in DWTPs.…”

Section: Hydrogen Peroxide With Uv Radiationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Overview of the Main Disinfection Processes for Wastewater and Drinking Water Treatment Plants

et al. 2017

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Abstract:The use of water disinfection as a public health measure reduces the spread of diseases. Various disinfection technologies can be used to meet the pathogen inactivation demand in water. This work is an overview of the main disinfection technologies of wastewater and drinking water that reports for the conventional processes the action mechanism, the possible formation of by-products, the operative conditions, the advantages and disadvantages. For advanced and natural processes the action mechanisms are reported. Advanced technologies are interesting but are still in the research state, while conventional technologies are the most used. There is a tendency, especially in Italy, to use chlorine-based disinfectant, despite in some forms could lead to production of disinfection by-products.

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Inactivation of E. coli, B. subtilis spores, and MS2, T4, and T7 phage using UV/H2O2 advanced oxidation

Cited by 184 publications

References 35 publications

Quantitative PCR for Determining the Infectivity of Bacteriophage MS2 upon Inactivation by Heat, UV-B Radiation, and Singlet Oxygen: Advantages and Limitations of an Enzymatic Treatment To Reduce False-Positive Results

Quantitative PCR for Determining the Infectivity of Bacteriophage MS2 upon Inactivation by Heat, UV-B Radiation, and Singlet Oxygen: Advantages and Limitations of an Enzymatic Treatment To Reduce False-Positive Results

Disinfection Using Pressurized Carbon Dioxide Microbubbles to Inactivate Escherichia coli, Bacteriophage MS2 and T4

Overview of the Main Disinfection Processes for Wastewater and Drinking Water Treatment Plants

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