“…It is thought that sonication produces haemolytic water molecule cleavage, generating high energy intermediates such as hydroxyl and hydrogen free radicals, and therefore, causing protein structural changes (Barteri, Diociaiuti, Pala, & Rotella, 2004;Gulseren, Guzey, Bruce, & Weiss, 2007). It was reported (Manas, Munoz, Sanz, & Condon, 2006) that lysozyme activity was significantly decreased under sonication at 80°C for up to 15 min along with a significant lose of the disulphide bonds and a significant increase of the reactive SH groups. Similar to our results, Huang, Kwok, and Liang (2008) reported that the sulphydryl group content of Bowman-Birk trypsin inhibitor (BBTI) was not affected during the first 5 min sonication, but that of Kunitz trypsin inhibitor (KTI) was increased linearly with the time of the sonication at 20 kHz.…”