Inactivation of Poliomyelitis Virus by “Free” Chlorine

The combined effects of various disinfectants against poliovirus 1 in a municipal wastewater effluent

“…However, the enhancement was not high enough to be considered synergistic. Similar effects to those reported here were noted [11] and more recently [15] it was shown that the inactivation efficiency of chlorine dioxide was improved by the sequential addition of chlorine followed by chlorine dioxide.…”

“…Another example of synergism is the use of two chemical disinfectants together; it was as early as 1946 that the synergistic effects between chlorine and chlorine dioxide were reported [11]. It was found then that chlorine dioxide was not as efficient a bacteriocide as a mixture of CIO 2 and C12, at a ratio of 3:1.…”

The significance of oxidation in chemical inactivation of poliovirus

“…Ridenour and Ingols (10) has mentioned oxidation potentials as being a fundamental factor in the inactivation, but generally it is considered that the oxidizing capacity of a compound is not necessarily a measure of its disinfecting efficiency. Fair and Geyer (8) gives as an example that hydrogen peroxide is a strong oxidant but a poor disinfectant.…”

Supposed Involvement of Water Supplies in Poliomyelitis Transmission

“…On the basis of their experiments, Ridenour and Ingols (24) concluded that a free chlorine residual of approximately 0.2 ppm. will inactivate a 1 : 500 dilution of mouse cord suspension containing Lansing virus after a period of contact of ten minutes.…”