“…For the past decade, atmospheric pressure and nonthermal plasmas have proven their efficiency as an inactivation tool against bacteria, fungi, and viruses. − A few examples of the uses of the plasma technology include bacterial inactivation, blood coagulation, tumor treatment, and wound healing. − Microbial mutagenesis based on a plasma-microbial interaction has not been considered much in the past. However, the impact of the plasma-based microbial mutagenesis bears huge potential because it can be applied to the mutagenesis of microalgae, bacteria, and yeast. − As plasma generates reactive radical species, such as N 2 *, N 2 + , NO, O, OH, and H α , under noble gases, the radical-treated cells start the SOS repair mechanism, which results in various mismatches in DNA sequence during the repair process. , Compared to traditional mutation methods employing chemical and physical reagents, this in situ plasma treatment has several advantages in cost, work safety, and faster mutation procedure .…”