Inbred decorated crickets exhibit higher measures of macroparasitic immunity than outbred individuals

Gershman, Susan N.; Barnett, Craig A.; Pettinger, Adam; Weddle, Carie B.; Hunt, John; Sakaluk, Scott K.

doi:10.1038/hdy.2010.1

Cited by 31 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…; Gershman et al. ). However, our analysis indicated that there was no effect of inbreeding on LRS, so there did not seem to be any net cost of inbreeding in this dataset.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Unexpected positive and negative effects of continuing inbreeding in one of the world's most inbred wild animals

Weiser

Grueber

Kennedy³

et al. 2015

Evolution

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Inbreeding depression, the reduced fitness of offspring of related individuals, is a central theme in evolutionary biology. Inbreeding effects are influenced by the genetic makeup of a population, which is driven by any history of genetic bottlenecks and genetic drift. The Chatham Island black robin represents a case of extreme inbreeding following two severe population bottlenecks. We tested whether inbreeding measured by a 20-year pedigree predicted variation in fitness among individuals, despite the high mean level of inbreeding and low genetic diversity in this species. We found that paternal and maternal inbreeding reduced fledgling survival and individual inbreeding reduced juvenile survival, indicating that inbreeding depression affects even this highly inbred population. Close inbreeding also reduced survival for fledglings with less-inbred mothers, but unexpectedly improved survival for fledglings with highly inbred mothers. This counterintuitive interaction could not be explained by various potentially confounding variables. We propose a genetic mechanism, whereby a highly inbred chick with a highly inbred parent inherits a "proven" genotype and thus experiences a fitness advantage, which could explain the interaction. The positive and negative effects we found emphasize that continuing inbreeding can have important effects on individual fitness, even in populations that are already highly inbred.

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“…; Gershman et al. ). However, our analysis indicated that there was no effect of inbreeding on LRS, so there did not seem to be any net cost of inbreeding in this dataset.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Unexpected positive and negative effects of continuing inbreeding in one of the world's most inbred wild animals

Weiser

Grueber

Kennedy³

et al. 2015

Evolution

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Of the 21 studies that statistically tested for male and female differences in heritabilities, 12 found significant differences in a subset of the traits examined (Mousseau and Roff 1989;Wilcockson et al 1995;Ashman 1999Ashman , 2003Mignon-Grasteau 1999;Jensen et al 2003;Rolff et al 2005;Ng et al 2006;Fedorka et al 2007;Zillikens et al 2008;Gershman et al 2010;Stillwell and Davidowitz 2010).…”

Section: Characteristics Of the Datamentioning

confidence: 97%

Male Bias in Distributions of Additive Genetic, Residual, and Phenotypic Variances of Shared Traits

Wyman

Rowe

2014

The American Naturalist

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Despite a shared genetic architecture between males and females, sexual differences are widespread. The extent of this shared genetic architecture, reflected in the intersexual genetic correlation, has previously been correlated with the extent of phenotypic sexual dimorphism in shared traits. However, the magnitude of the difference in sex-specific additive genetic variances may also fuel sexual dimorphism. To explore the correlation between additive genetic variance dimorphism and phenotypic dimorphism, we conducted a literature search. We targeted traits expressed in both sexes and excluded sex-limited traits. The mean difference between the sexes in additive genetic variance was not significantly different from 0. However, the distribution of the sexual difference in additive genetic variance had a significant male-biased skew. This pattern persists even after removing traits explicitly related to reproduction. Furthermore, male traits had more residual and phenotypic variance than homologous female traits (as measured by both the mean and the skew), and this difference was not necessarily due to the difference between sexual traits and nonsexual traits. We found no evidence that sex chromosome system could explain sex differences in additive genetic, nonadditive genetic, or phenotypic variances. Finally, we found a significant correlation between the extent of sexual dimorphism in additive genetic variances and the extent of phenotypic sexual dimorphism. Understanding why traits have sex-specific patterns of variation awaits further investigation.

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“…Sexual dimorphism in immunoresponsiveness is widespread among invertebrate and vertebrate taxa (e.g., McKean and Nunney 2005;Love et al 2008;Nunn et al 2009;Gershman et al 2010;Aisenberg and Peretti 2011;Steiger et al 2011). In adult vertebrates, males typically respond to immunological challenges less robustly than females (Møller et al 1998;Klein 2000;Hasselquist 2007;Nunn et al 2009;Pap et al 2010; but see Tieleman et al 2010), but when this difference in immune function manifests itself is less well-documented, particularly in birds.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Condition-dependent sex difference in nestling House Wren (Troglodytes aedon) response to phytohaemagglutinin injection

et al. 2014

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Adult male and female birds typically respond differently to immunological challenges, but whether this difference is present in altricial nestlings is not well-documented. Furthermore, the timing of the development of different axes of the immune system might vary in nestlings and also be affected by differences in condition and health state. We tested for sex-related differences in the immune response of nestling House Wrens (Troglodytes aedon Vieillot, 1809) to the injection of phytohaemagglutinin (PHA) and in the bacteria-killing capacity of their plasma. Based on prior work, we predicted that if there were sex-related differences in immune responsiveness, they would most likely occur when the sexes differed in some measure of condition or health state. Female nestlings had a stronger response to the injection of PHA than males in the one of three breeding seasons in which the condition of nestling females exceeded that of males, suggesting that the response to PHA injection is condition-dependent rather than sex-dependent. The sexes, however, did not differ in bactericidal activity, suggesting that different axes of the immune system may not be affected to the same degree by differences in sex or in condition. Résumé :Si les oiseaux adultes mâles et femelles réagissent généralement différemment à des stimuli immunologiques, cette différence n'est pas bien documentée chez les oisillons nidicoles. En outre, le moment du développement de différents axes du système immunitaire pourrait varier chez les oisillons et être influencé par des différences sur le plan de l'embonpoint et de l'état de santé. Nous avons vérifié la présence de différences associées au sexe en ce qui concerne la réaction immunitaire d'oisillons de troglodyte familier (Troglodytes aedon Vieillot, 1809) à l'injection de phytohémagglutinine (PHA) et la capacité bactéricide de leur plasma. À la lumière de travaux antérieurs, nous avions prédit que d'éventuelles différences immunitaires associées au sexe seraient plus susceptibles de se produire en cas de différences entre les sexes sur le plan de l'embonpoint ou de l'état de santé. Les oisillons femelles présentaient une réaction plus forte à l'injection de PHA que les mâles pour celle des trois périodes de reproduction durant laquelle l'embonpoint des oisillons femelles était supérieur à celui des mâles, ce qui indiquerait que la réaction à l'injection de PHA dépend de l'embonpoint plutôt que du sexe. L'activité bactéricide ne variait pas selon le sexe, ce qui porte à croire que différents axes du système immunitaire pourraient ne pas être influencés dans la même mesure par des différences associées au sexe ou à l'embonpoint. [Traduit par la Rédaction] Mots-clés : troglodyte familier, Troglodytes aedon, réaction immunitaire dépendant du sexe et de l'embonpoint, essai à la PHA, épreuve du pouvoir bactéricide du plasma.

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Inbred decorated crickets exhibit higher measures of macroparasitic immunity than outbred individuals

Cited by 31 publications

References 65 publications

Unexpected positive and negative effects of continuing inbreeding in one of the world's most inbred wild animals

Unexpected positive and negative effects of continuing inbreeding in one of the world's most inbred wild animals

Male Bias in Distributions of Additive Genetic, Residual, and Phenotypic Variances of Shared Traits

Condition-dependent sex difference in nestling House Wren (Troglodytes aedon) response to phytohaemagglutinin injection

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