Incarcerated Men and the Perceived Sources of Their Loneliness

Rokach, Ami; Cripps, Janice

doi:10.1177/0306624x99431008

Cited by 10 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Many men perceived moderately high levels of social support from a significant other. Although the use of different measures prohibits comparison across studies, this finding is inconsistent with prior research indicating high levels of isolation and loneliness (Rokach & Cripps, 1999) and deficiencies in social support (Biggam & Power, 1997) among incarcerated men.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 60%

Social Support Among Offenders With Substance Abuse Problems: Overlooked and Underused?

Lemieux

2002

J Addict Offender Couns

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The author examined correlates of social support among 101 offenders in corrections-based treatment programs. Respondents perceived high levels of support despite numerous interpersonal problems. Social support was significantly associated with visits, letters, arrests, and days in treatment ( p < .05).The author describes strategies for implementing family-oriented interventions in corrections-based programs.In this study, I examine social support among male and female inmates in institutionbased substance abuse treatment programs. Although the correctional population is saturated with persons who abuse drugs and alcohol, investigations examining inmates' community ties and social support have not considered the negative interpersonal consequences of substance abuse. In addition to other biopsychosocial problems, the interpersonal relationships of many offenders who have substance abuse problems have been severely strained as a result of the behaviors associated with chronic alcohol, cocaine, and marijuana use (Mumola, 1999). The literature suggests that inmates with substance abuse problems have alienated their loved ones and are subsequently isolated from everyone except fellow addicts and criminals. This is an untested belief. In fact, research with inmates who are involved with illegal drugs primarily focuses on program outcomes and recidivism, not on their interpersonal relationships and support networks. This gap in the literature persists despite the fact that family and community ties have long been regarded as potential rehabilitative tools for inmates (Hairston, 1997). The purpose of this study, therefore, is to explore an overlooked area in which two critical correctional issues intersect: social support and offenders in substance abuse treatment. Literature ReviewMumola (1999) estimated that among state prisoners with a history of substance abuse ( N = 729,578), approximately one third were enrolled in some type of drug treatment program in 1997 ( n = 232,006; 31.8%). This relatively recent trend toward prison-based efforts to facilitate the offender's postrelease success was spawned, in part, by the documented deleterious consequences of crack cocaine

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 60%

Social Support Among Offenders With Substance Abuse Problems: Overlooked and Underused?

Lemieux

2002

J Addict Offender Couns

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“…Marginalized social identities, such as individuals with a history of incarceration or LGBTQ individuals, are particularly vulnerable to experiencing insufficient social support ( Biggam & Power, 1997 ; Rokach & Cripps, 1999 ; Meyer, 2003 ; Kecojevic, Basch, Kernan, Montalvo, & Lankenau, 2019 ) and suffer from ASUD at rates many orders of magnitude higher than the general population ( Cochran, Ackerman, Mays, & Ross, 2004 ; Fazel, Bains, & Doll, 2006 ). Furthermore, the elevated prevalence of ASUD in prison inmates and LGBTQ individuals has been linked to the experience of social stigmatization ( Meyer, 2003 ; Newcomb, Heinz, & Mustanski, 2012 ; Moore & Tangney, 2017 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An inverse relationship between perceived social support and substance use frequency in socially stigmatized populations

Rapier

McKernan

Stauffer

2019

Addictive Behaviors Reports

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Introduction Social isolation and alcohol and substance use disorders (ASUD) have been identified as global health risks. Social support is protective against developing ASUD and is associated with beneficial addiction treatment outcomes. Socially stigmatized populations are at higher risk of both social isolation and ASUD, and the link between social support and substance use in these populations has been less researched than in general substance-using populations. We hypothesized that perceived social support, as measured by the Social Provisions Scale (SPS), would have an inverse relationship with frequency of substance use, from subsections of the Addiction Severity Index (ASI) that estimate use over the past 30 days and over an individual's lifetime. Methods Using a cross-sectional design, we conducted secondary correlational analyses with pre-existing data to test our hypothesis in two separate samples made up of socially marginalized populations entering ASUD treatment programs. Sample 1: substance-using male prison inmates ( n = 72, average age = 30.79) and Sample 2: primary methamphetamine-using men who have sex with men ( n = 86, average age = 43.41). Results Significant negative correlations were found between SPS and lifetime use of alcohol, tobacco, and cannabis ( r s − 0.27, −0.39, −0.26; p -values 0.04, 0.001, 0.04, respectively) in Sample 1 and 30-day use of methamphetamine ( r s − 0.28; p -value 0.008) in Sample 2. Discussion Differences in results between the samples (lifetime vs 30-day use) may reflect psychosocial and contextual differences impacting perceived social support. Our findings provide support for an important link between perceived social support and frequency of substance use in socially stigmatized populations.

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“…The occurrence of criminality in North America is the highest during late adolescence and early adulthood years (Calabrese & Adams, 1990;Rokach & Cripps, 1999;Salmen, 1986). Being in the beginning phase of building a "workable life" (Coon, 1992, p.430), makes young adults most susceptible to unemployment, especially since its rate is so high at the end of the twentieth century.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%