Incentive salience attribution, “sensation-seeking” and “novelty-seeking” are independent traits in a large sample of male and female heterogeneous stock rats

Hughson, Alesa; Horvath, Aidan P.; Holl, Katie; Palmer, Abraham A.; Woods, Leah C. Solberg; Robinson, Terry E.; Flagel, Shelly B.

doi:10.1038/s41598-019-39519-1

Cited by 53 publications

(62 citation statements)

References 51 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Pavlovian conditioned approach. The Pavlovian conditioned approach (PavCA) apparatus and procedures were the same as those described previously 48,49 . Briefly, the presentation of an illuminated lever-CS preceded the non-contingent delivery of a food pellet (US) into an adjacent food cup, and 25 lever-food pairings occurred per session.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Conditioned reinforcement test. The day after the completion of PavCA training, rats were exposed to a conditioned reinforcement test (CRT) as described previously 48 .…”

Section: Experiments 1 Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Briefly, responses into a port designated 'active' resulted in the brief presentation of the lever-CS (in the absence of food reward). The incentive value index 48 (active nose pokes + lever pressesinactive nose pokes) was calculated to capture all of the behavioral measures obtained during the conditioned reinforcement test.…”

Section: Experiments 1 Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The experimental design for Experiment 2 is summarized in Figure 5af. PavCA training apparatus and experimental procedures were the same as described above and in the Supplemental Methods and Materials 48,49 . During all PavCA training sessions rats were tethered to a swivel arm to habituate them to the microdialysis procedures.…”

Section: Experiments 2 Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…When significant interactions were detected, Bonferroni post-hoc comparisons were performed. Effect sizes for pairwise comparisons were calculated using Cohen's d 50 , as previously reported 48 . Effect sizes <0.2 were considered "small", effects sizes ≥0.2≤0.8 were considered "medium", and effect sizes >0.8 were considered large 50,51 .…”

Section: Statistical Analyses Statistical Analyses Are Described In mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

The Paraventricular Thalamus is a Critical Mediator of Top-down Control of Cue-motivated Behavior in Rats

Campus

Covelo

Kim

et al. 2019

Preprint

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Stimuli or cues in the environment can elicit complex emotional states, and thereby maladaptive behavior, as a function of their ascribed value. Here we capture individual variation in the propensity to attribute motivational value to reward-cues using the signtracker/goal-tracker animal model. Goal-trackers attribute predictive value to rewardcues, and sign-trackers attribute both predictive and incentive value. Using chemogenetics and microdialysis, we show that, in sign-trackers, stimulation of the neuronal pathway from the prelimbic cortex (PrL) to the paraventricular nucleus of the thalamus (PVT) decreases the incentive value of a reward-cue. In contrast, in goaltrackers, inhibition of the PrL-PVT pathway increases both the incentive value and dopamine levels in the nucleus accumbens shell. The PrL-PVT pathway, therefore, exerts top-down control over the dopamine-dependent process of incentive salience attribution. These results highlight PrL-PVT pathway as a potential target for treating psychopathologies associated with the attribution of excessive incentive value to reward-cues, including addiction. independent delivery of food-US, distinct conditioned responses emerge. Some rats, goal-trackers (GTs), approach the location of impending food delivery upon the lever-CS presentation, while others, sign-trackers (STs), approach and interact with the lever-CS itself. For both GTs and STs the lever-CS acquires predictive value and elicits a conditioned response, but for STs, the CS also acquires incentive value. This animal model, therefore, provides a unique platform to investigate the neurobiological determinants of individual differences in the propensity to attribute incentive salience to reward-cues.Previous studies suggest that sign-tracking behavior results from enhanced activity in subcortical brain circuits known to mediate motivated behaviors, including the striatal dopamine system, the amygdala, and the hypothalamus 22,23,28-31 . In addition, relative to GTs, STs appear to have deficits in top-down cognitive control originating in the prefrontal cortex 32 . Thus, we hypothesize that sign-tracking behavior arises from an imbalance between top-down cognitive control and bottom-up motivational processes.One brain region that is ideally situated to act as a fulcrum between cortical, limbic and homeostatic circuits is the paraventricular nucleus of the thalamus (PVT). The PVT has, in fact, come to be known as the "thalamic gateway" 33 for appetitive motivation; acting to integrate cognitive, emotional, motivational and viscerosensitive information, and, in turn, guide behavioral responses 33,34 . Consistent with this view, the PVT has been implicated in the propensity to attribute incentive motivational value to reward-cues [35][36][37] .The functional connectivity of the PVT in response to cue-induced neuronal activity differentiates STs from GTs 28,29,35 . In STs, cue-induced activity in the PVT is correlated with activity in subcortical areas, including the nucleus accumbens (NAc); whereas in GTs, cue-...

show abstract

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Conditioned reinforcement test. The day after the completion of PavCA training, rats were exposed to a conditioned reinforcement test (CRT) as described previously 48 .…”

Section: Experiments 1 Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Experiments 1 Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Experiments 2 Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Statistical Analyses Statistical Analyses Are Described In mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

The Paraventricular Thalamus is a Critical Mediator of Top-down Control of Cue-motivated Behavior in Rats

Campus

Covelo

Kim

et al. 2019

Preprint

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Modelling Differential Vulnerability to Substance Use Disorder in Rodents: Neurobiological Mechanisms

Jupp

Jones

Dalley

2019

Substance Use Disorders

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The lateral hypothalamus and orexinergic transmission in the paraventricular thalamus promote the attribution of incentive salience to reward-associated cues

et al. 2020

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Rationale: Prior research suggests that inputs from the lateral hypothalamic area (LHA) to the paraventricular nucleus of the thalamus (PVT) contribute to the attribution of incentive salience to Pavlovian-conditioned reward cues. However, a causal role for the LHA in this phenomenon has not been demonstrated. In addition, it is unknown which hypothalamic neurotransmitter or peptide system(s) are involved in mediating incentive salience attribution.Objectives: To examine: 1) the role of the LHA in the propensity to attribute incentive salience to reward cues, and 2) the role of orexinergic signaling in the PVT on the expression of Pavlovian conditioned approach (PavCA) behavior, a reflection of incentive salience attribution. Methods: Male Sprague-Dawley rats received bilateral excitotoxic lesions of the LHA prior to the acquisition of Pavlovian conditioned approach (PavCA) behavior. A separate cohort of male rats acquired PavCA behavior and were characterized as sign-trackers (STs) or goal-trackers (GTs) based on their conditioned response. The orexin 1 receptor (OX1r) antagonist SB-334867, or the orexin 2 receptor (OX2r) antagonist TCS-OX2-29, were then administered directly into the PVT to assess the effects of these pharmacological agents on the expression of PavCA behavior and on the conditioned reinforcing properties of the Pavlovian reward cue. Results: Lesions of the LHA before training attenuated the development of leverdirected (sign-tracking) behaviors in the PavCA paradigm, without affecting magazinedirected (goal-tracking) behaviors. In STs, administration of the OX1r antagonist into the PVT reduced lever-directed behaviors and increased magazine-directed behaviors; while administration of the OX2r antagonist only reduced lever-directed behaviors.Further, OX2r, but not OX1r, antagonism was able to reduce the incentive motivational value of the conditioned stimulus on a conditioned reinforcement test in STs. The behavior of GTs was unaffected by orexinergic antagonism in the PVT. Conclusions:The LHA is necessary for the attribution of incentive salience to reward cues and, thereby, the development of a sign-tracking conditioned response..

show abstract

Incentive salience attribution, “sensation-seeking” and “novelty-seeking” are independent traits in a large sample of male and female heterogeneous stock rats

Cited by 53 publications

References 51 publications

The Paraventricular Thalamus is a Critical Mediator of Top-down Control of Cue-motivated Behavior in Rats

The Paraventricular Thalamus is a Critical Mediator of Top-down Control of Cue-motivated Behavior in Rats

Modelling Differential Vulnerability to Substance Use Disorder in Rodents: Neurobiological Mechanisms

The lateral hypothalamus and orexinergic transmission in the paraventricular thalamus promote the attribution of incentive salience to reward-associated cues

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About