Inch‐Size Single Crystal of a Lead‐Free Organic–Inorganic Hybrid Perovskite for High‐Performance Photodetector

Abstract

Large-size crystals of organic-inorganic hybrid perovskites (e.g., CH 3 NH 3 PbX 3 , X = Cl, Br, I) have gained wide attention since their spectacular progress on optoelectronic technologies. Although presenting brilliant semiconducting properties, a serious concern of the toxicity in these lead-based hybrids has become a stumbling block that limits their wide-scale applications. Exploring lead-free hybrid perovskite is thus highly urgent for high-performance optoelectronic devices. Here, a new lead-free perovskite hybrid (TMHD)BiBr 5 (TMHD = N,N,N,N-tetramethyl-1,6-hexanediammonium) is prepared from facile solution process. Emphatically, inch-size high-quality single crystals are successfully grown, the dimensions of which reach up to 32 × 24 × 12 mm 3 . Furthermore, the planar arrays of photodetectors based on bulk lead-free (TMHD)BiBr 5 single crystals are first fabricated, which shows sizeable on/off current ratios (≈10 3 ) and rapid response speed (τ rise = 8.9 ms and τ decay = 10.2 ms). The prominent device performance of (TMHD)BiBr 5 strongly underscores the lead-free hybrid perovskite single crystals as promising material candidates for optoelectronic applications.

Exploring Lead‐Free Hybrid Double Perovskite Crystals of (BA)2CsAgBiBr7 with Large Mobility‐Lifetime Product toward X‐Ray Detection

“…Large crystals of (BA) 2 CsAgBiBr 7 with the size up to 10 10 3mm 3 were successfully obtained from its saturated solution through the temperature cooling technique (Figure 1a;S upporting Information, Figure S1), which were employed for subsequent assembling of high-performance optoelectronic devices and further physical measurement. [10] Powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) pattern was collected at room temperature,w hich coincides well with the calculated trace (Supporting Information, Figure S2). Crystal structure analyses disclose that (BA) 2 CsAgBiBr 7 crystallizes in the monoclinic system with space group of P2 1 at 100 K, [11] and features a2 Dq uantum-confined structure with perovskite layers acting as the wells and the insulating bulky organic cations representing the barriers (Figure 1b).…”

Sn‐Based Perovskite for Highly Sensitive Photodetectors

“…[22] Although much higher responsivity and gain can be achieved in PDs by introducing heterostructures in the devices, [22][23][24][25] the additional processing steps and materials involved in the devices may complicate the fabrication procedure and increase the cost. [27][28][29][30][31] For instance, Waleed et al fabricated a MASnI 3 nanowire-array PD by using a vapor phase chemical reaction method with porous alumina template, exhibiting a responsivity and detectivity of only 0.47 A W −1 and 8.80 × 10 10 Jones, respectively. [26] In light of this, some works have been done on lead-free perovskite-based PDs, yet satisfactory results are still lacking.…”

Enhanced On–Off Ratio Photodetectors Based on Lead‐Free Cs3Bi2I9 Single Crystal Thin Films

“…(NH 4 ) 3 Bi 2 I 9 , [23] and (TMHD)BiBr 5 (TMHD = N, N, N, Ntetramethyl1,6hexanediammonium). [24] Compared with organic-inorganic hybrid perovskite, allinorganic compo nent is anticipated to offer enhanced stability and could bear a higher operating temperature as well as a harsh environment due to the absence of organic component. [25,26] Subsequently, Bridgman method [27] has been successfully employed to fabri cate Cs 3 Bi 2 I 9 single crystals, which were further applied into the photodetector and highenergy radiation detector applica tion.…”