Incidence and Antimicrobial Resistance Profiling of<i>Campylobacter</i>in Retail Chicken Livers and Gizzards

Noormohamed, Aneesa; Fakhr, Mohamed K.

doi:10.1089/fpd.2011.1074

Cited by 52 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Interestingly in propionibacteria [32], Mycoplasma hominis [33], and Francisella tularensis [31], the same G2057A mutation was associated with erythromycin resistance, but not with resistance to 16-membered macrolides or chloramphenicol. It was postulated that the G2057 mutation in the 23S rRNA gene might lead to conformational changes in the binding sites of CHL and 14-membered macrolides, attenuating the affinity of these antimicrobials to the ribosome [52].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of a Novel G2073A Mutation in 23S rRNA in Amphenicol-Selected Mutants of Campylobacter jejuni

Shen

Naren

et al. 2014

PLoS ONE

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ObjectivesThis study was conducted to examine the development and molecular mechanisms of amphenicol resistance in Campylobacter jejuni by using in vitro selection with chloramphenicol and florfenicol. The impact of the resistance development on growth rates was also determined using in vitro culture.MethodsChloramphenicol and florfenicol were used as selection agents to perform in vitro stepwise selection. Mutants resistant to the selective agents were obtained from the selection process. The mutant strains were compared with the parent strain for changes in MICs and growth rates. The 23S rRNA gene and the L4 and L22 ribosomal protein genes in the mutant strains and the parent strain were amplified and sequenced to identify potential resistance-associated mutations.Results C. jejuni strains that were highly resistant to chloramphenicol and florfenicol were obtained from in vitro selection. A novel G2073A mutation in all three copies of the 23S rRNA gene was identified in all the resistant mutants examined, which showed resistance to both chloramphenicol and florfenicol. In addition, all the mutants selected by chloramphenicol also exhibited the G74D modification in ribosomal protein L4, which was previously shown to confer a low-level erythromycin resistance in Campylobacter species. The mutants selected by florfenicol did not have the G74D mutation in L4. Notably, the amphenicol-resistant mutants also exhibited reduced susceptibility to erythromycin, suggesting that the selection resulted in cross resistance to macrolides.ConclusionsThis study identifies a novel point mutation (G2073A) in 23S rRNA in amphenicol-selected mutants of C. jejuni. Development of amphenicol resistance in Campylobacter likely incurs a fitness cost as the mutant strains showed slower growth rates in antibiotic-free media.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of a Novel G2073A Mutation in 23S rRNA in Amphenicol-Selected Mutants of Campylobacter jejuni

Shen

Naren

et al. 2014

PLoS ONE

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“…Similarly a survey of retail chicken livers and gizzards in Oklahoma, USA found 77% of 159 livers were contaminated with Campylobacter sp. (34% C. jejuni and 33% C. coli ) [20]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Campylobacteriosis outbreak associated with consumption of undercooked chicken liver pâté in the East of England, September 2011: identification of a dose–response risk

Edwards¹,

Milne

Morrow

et al. 2013

Epidemiol. Infect.

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SUMMARYA foodborne outbreak with 49 cases (22 culture positive for Campylobacter sp.) following a wedding party in the East of England was investigated. A retrospective cohort study identified an association between consumption of chicken liver pâté and infection with Campylobacter jejuni/coli. There was a statistically significant association between dose (amount of chicken liver pâté eaten) and the risk of disease [‘tasted’: odds ratio (OR) 1·5, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0·04–∞; ‘partly eaten’: OR 8·4, 95% CI 1·4–87·5; ‘most or all eaten’: OR 36·1, 95% CI 3·3–2119). The local authority found evidence that the preparation of chicken livers breached Food Standards Agency's guidelines. This epidemiological investigation established a clear dose–response relationship between consumption of chicken liver pâté and the risk of infection with Campylobacter. The continuing need to raise public awareness of the risk to human health posed by undercooked chicken liver is evident.

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“…A total of 552 Campylobacter isolates (281 Campylobacter jejuni and 271 Campylobacter coli ) previously isolated from retail meat samples in our laboratory [21,22] were used for arsenic resistance profiling in this study. The isolates were from chicken ( n = 130), turkey ( n = 19), pork ( n = 6), beef livers ( n = 102), chicken livers ( n = 272), and chicken gizzards ( n = 23).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A subset of 223 Campylobacter isolates out of the above mentioned 552 isolates was used for screening for the presence or absence of the tested arsenic resistance genes. The 223 Campylobacter isolates were representing one isolate out of each positive meat sample [21,22] and their meat sources were as follow: chicken ( n = 49), turkey ( n = 7), pork ( n = 2), beef livers ( n = 39), chicken livers ( n = 113), and chicken gizzards ( n = 13). …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Arsenic Resistance and Prevalence of Arsenic Resistance Genes in Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli Isolated from Retail Meats

Noormohamed

Fakhr

2013

IJERPH

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Studies that investigate arsenic resistance in the foodborne bacterium Campylobacter are limited. A total of 552 Campylobacter isolates (281 Campylobacter jejuni and 271 Campylobacter coli) isolated from retail meat samples were subjected to arsenic resistance profiling using the following arsenic compounds: arsanilic acid (4–2,048 μg/mL), roxarsone (4–2048 μg/mL), arsenate (16–8,192 μg/mL) and arsenite (4–2,048 μg/mL). A total of 223 of these isolates (114 Campylobacter jejuni and 109 Campylobacter coli) were further analyzed for the presence of five arsenic resistance genes (arsP, arsR, arsC, acr3, and arsB) by PCR. Most of the 552 Campylobacter isolates were able to survive at higher concentrations of arsanilic acid (512–2,048 μg/mL), roxarsone (512–2,048 μg/mL), and arsenate (128–1,024 μg/mL), but at lower concentrations for arsenite (4–16 μg/mL). Ninety seven percent of the isolates tested by PCR showed the presence of arsP and arsR genes. While 95% of the Campylobacter coli isolates contained a larger arsenic resistance operon that has all of the four genes (arsP, arsR, arsC and acr3), 85% of the Campylobacter jejuni isolates carried the short operon (arsP, and arsR). The presence of arsC and acr3 did not significantly increase arsenic resistance with the exception of conferring resistance to higher concentrations of arsenate to some Campylobacter isolates. arsB was prevalent in 98% of the tested Campylobacter jejuni isolates, regardless of the presence or absence of arsC and acr3, but was completely absent in Campylobacter coli. To our knowledge, this is the first study to determine arsenic resistance and the prevalence of arsenic resistance genes in such a large number of Campylobacter isolates.

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Incidence and Antimicrobial Resistance Profiling ofCampylobacterin Retail Chicken Livers and Gizzards

Cited by 52 publications

References 39 publications

Identification of a Novel G2073A Mutation in 23S rRNA in Amphenicol-Selected Mutants of Campylobacter jejuni

Identification of a Novel G2073A Mutation in 23S rRNA in Amphenicol-Selected Mutants of Campylobacter jejuni

Campylobacteriosis outbreak associated with consumption of undercooked chicken liver pâté in the East of England, September 2011: identification of a dose–response risk

Arsenic Resistance and Prevalence of Arsenic Resistance Genes in Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli Isolated from Retail Meats

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