Incidence and associated factors of posterior capsule opacification in pseudophakic patients at Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital

Abstract

Background: Posterior capsule opacification (PCO) is the most common postoperative consequence of cataract surgery which may cause visual acuity reduction, yet the incidence in Indonesia has not been reported. The objectives of this study were to evaluate three years cumulative incidence of PCO and factors associated with PCO formation at Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta.Methods: This was a retrospective descriptive study on patients with uneventful senile cataract surgery during year 2010. All related data were retrieved from medical records in year 2013, which included patient demographics, type of surgery, intraocular lens (IOL) characteristics (material, optic edge design and diameter). Moreover, time to first PCO diagnosis (month), and best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) pre-operatively, at time PCO was diagnosed and two weeks after Neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet (Nd:YAG) laser were noted (decimal).Results: A total of 578 eyes (485 patients) were involved in this study. Three years cumulative incidence of the PCO was 8.82% (51 eyes). Phacoemulsification surgery was performed in 496 (85.8%) eyes. The median time to PCO diagnosis was 21 months (range 1 to 34 months), mean of BCVA was 0.50 ± 0.26. Age (<65 and >65 years old) was not associated to PCO. Higher incidence of PCO was found in patients using hydrophilic acrylic IOL (10.7%) than in hydrophobic acrylic (6.2%). After Nd:YAG laser was performed, BCVA was improved to 1.00.Conclusion: Three years cumulative incidence of PCO was 8.82% and there was no defined factor related to PCO formation, but higher percentage of PCO occured in patients using hydrophilic acrylic IOL than in hydrophobic acrylic.

Posterior Capsule Opacification (PCO) Cases at Lamongan Eye Clinic: Two Years of Retrospective Data

“…Unari with a range of 0.00 logMAR to 2.80 logMAR. Similar findings were also found by Ayuningtyas et al [8] , with the BCVA logMAR at the time of diagnosis being 0.50 ± 0.26.…”

“…The most common symptom in patients with PCO is blurred vision due to blockage of the visual axis caused by the migration and proliferation of lens epithelial cells from the equator to the visual axis, which causes reduced visual acuity several months years after cataract surgery. [8] It was also found in this study that the best visual acuity after refraction correction on arrival or at the time of PCO diagnosis was obtained with a median of 0. Unari with a range of 0.00 logMAR to 2.80 logMAR.…”

“…Ayuningtyas et al [8] also stated the same thing, while the study by Hashemi et al [9] found that the incidence was higher in women.…”

“…In this study, most patients were in the age range between 55-65 years (46.3%), with a mean age of 63.55 ± 8.72 years. Previous research [4], [10] found that most patients were in the age range of 41 years to 80 years, and Ayuningtyas et al [8] showed a median age of 65 years with a range of 42 years to 87 years. In various studies [11], [12], [13], [14], [15], [16] , the period between patients who underwent cataract surgery and PCO formation has been reported to occur from five months to three years.…”

“…In this study, PCO diagnosis was established after a median of 12 months, ranging from 8.2 months to 26.3 months after cataract extraction. Ayuningtyas et al [8] found that the duration of the PCO diagnosis was established since surgery with a median of 21 months with a range from one month to 34 months, while Kwon et al [17] found the duration of the PCO diagnosis was established in 16 months after surgery with a range of 6 to 18 months. It can be concluded that the results obtained in this study were following previous research.…”