Incidence and determinants of endophthalmitis within 6 months of surgeries over a 2-year period at King Khaled Eye Specialist Hospital, Saudi Arabia: A review

Khandekar, Rajiv; Al-Motowa, Saeed; Alkatan, Hind M.; Karaoui, Mohammed; Ortiz, Anne

doi:10.4103/0974-9233.154397

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…[ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 ] The global reported incidence of postcataract endophthalmitis ranges from 0.02% to 0.26%. [ 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 ] There is good amount of data on the incidence, risk factors, and outcomes of postcataract endophthalmitis in the Western hemisphere. [ 12 13 ] Analyses of databases such as the Medicare and Medicaid have helped understand the epidemiology of postcataract endophthalmitis, and design treatment guidelines.…”

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confidence: 99%

A literature review and update on the incidence and microbiology spectrum of postcataract surgery endophthalmitis over past two decades in India

Lalitha

Sengupta

Ravindran

et al. 2017

Indian J Ophthalmol

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Purpose:The purpose of this study was to review the incidence and microbiology of acute postcataract surgery endophthalmitis in India.Methods:Systematic review of English-language PubMed referenced articles on endophthalmitis in India published in the past 21 years (January 1992–December 2012), and retrospective chart review of 2 major eye care facilities in India in the past 5 years (January 2010–December 2014) were done. The incidence data were collected from articles that described “in-house” endophthalmitis and the microbiology data were collected from all articles. Both incidence and microbiological data of endophthalmitis were collected from two large eye care facilities. Case reports were excluded, except for the articles on cluster infection.Results:Six of 99 published articles reported the incidence of “in-house” acute postcataract surgery endophthalmitis, 8 articles reported the microbiology spectrum, and 11 articles described cluster infection. The clinical endophthalmitis incidence was between 0.04% and 0.15%. In two large eye care facilities, the clinical endophthalmitis incidence was 0.08% and 0.16%; the culture proven endophthalmitis was 0.02% and 0.08%. Gram-positive cocci (44%-64.8%; commonly, Staphylococcus species), and Gram-negative bacilli (26.2%–43%; commonly Pseudomonas species) were common bacteria in south India. Fungi (16.7%-70%; commonly Aspergillus flavus) were the common organisms in north India. Pseudomonas aeruginosa (73.3%) was the major organism in cluster infections.Conclusions:The incidence of postcataract surgery clinical endophthalmitis in India is nearly similar to the world literature. There is a regional difference in microbiological spectrum. A registry with regular and uniform national reporting will help formulate region specific management guidelines.

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confidence: 99%

A literature review and update on the incidence and microbiology spectrum of postcataract surgery endophthalmitis over past two decades in India

Lalitha

Sengupta

Ravindran

et al. 2017

Indian J Ophthalmol

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“…Although prednisolone is often used as an adjuvant to antibiotics in the treatment of bacterial, fungal, 42 and tuberculous endophthalmitis, 20 prednisolone was administered topically, orally, or systemically in these studies. The only study reporting the use of intravitreal prednisolone is one on diabetic macular edema, 21 where statistically significant visual improvement was observed after intravitreal prednisolone.…”

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confidence: 99%

A Review of the Role of Intravitreal Corticosteroids as an Adjuvant to Antibiotics in Infectious Endophthalmitis

Agarwal

Lee

et al. 2016

Ocular Immunology and Inflammation

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Infectious endophthalmitis is an important cause of vision loss worldwide. This entity most often occurs as a complication of intraocular surgery especially following cataract surgery or intravitreal injection. Endophthalmitis is regarded as a serious complication following ocular surgery and the final visual outcome is fundamentally contingent on timely recognition and intervention. Intravitreal and oral antibiotics in combination with pars plana vitrectomy or vitreous aspiration remain the mainstay in the management of endophthalmitis. However, significant inflammation may persist even after sterilization of the intraocular cavities with appropriate antibiotics resulting in failure of treatment. This forms the basis for the use of intravitreal corticosteroids as an adjuvant to antibiotics in the management of infectious endophthalmitis. In the index manuscript, we review the existing literature to determine the role of intravitreal corticosteroids as an adjuvant to antibiotics in treating infectious endophthalmitis, and discuss their beneficial effects and controversial concerns.

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“…[ 2 ] The incidence of acute endophthalmitis after intravitreal injections and cataract surgery in our centers in the recent past were 0.004% and 0.12%, respectively. [ 3 4 ] A recent meta-analysis addressing the incidence of endophthalmitis after microincision PPV was 0.092%. [ 5 ]…”

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confidence: 99%

Endophthalmitis Post Pars Plana Vitrectomy Surgery

AlBloushi

Mura

Khandekar

et al. 2021

Middle East African Journal of Ophthalmology

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PURPOSE: To determine the incidence of endophthalmitis after pars plana vitrectomy (PPV), organisms' profile, and management outcomes at a tertiary eye hospital in a Middle East country. METHODS: In this single-arm cohort study conducted in 2020, medical records of patients who underwent PPV not accompanied by any other intraocular surgery were reviewed; those with a diagnosis of acute endophthalmitis in the immediate postoperative period (within 6 weeks) during the past 6 years were analyzed. RESULTS: A total of 8153 records of PPV surgeries were reviewed. Five cases had endophthalmitis post-PPV with an incidence of 0.061%. Three (0.037%) had positive cultures, all of them for Staphylococcus epidermidis. The interval between PPV and diagnosis of endophthalmitis ranged from 3 to 25 days (mean, 15.8 days). Final vision after treatment ranged from 20/400 to no light perception, and one eye was eviscerated. CONCLUSION: The incidence of endophthalmitis post PPV is low. Despite prompt diagnosis and standard management, visual prognosis seems to be poor. The infective agents for endophthalmitis were commensals from the ocular surface.

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Incidence and determinants of endophthalmitis within 6 months of surgeries over a 2-year period at King Khaled Eye Specialist Hospital, Saudi Arabia: A review

Cited by 5 publications

References 26 publications

A literature review and update on the incidence and microbiology spectrum of postcataract surgery endophthalmitis over past two decades in India

A literature review and update on the incidence and microbiology spectrum of postcataract surgery endophthalmitis over past two decades in India

A Review of the Role of Intravitreal Corticosteroids as an Adjuvant to Antibiotics in Infectious Endophthalmitis

Endophthalmitis Post Pars Plana Vitrectomy Surgery

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