India has witnessed a significant rise in cancer cases among domestic animals, especially dogs and cats. This review explores the prevalence, causes, and treatment options for cancer in these animals within the Indian context. The review highlights various cancer forms, such as carcinomas affecting organs and glands and sarcomas impacting supporting tissues. It discusses the concept of remission and the varied forms of lymphoma in dogs and cats. This review emphasizes the need for comprehensive research and awareness, focusing on the role of veterinary oncologists in India. In conclusion, addressing the increasing incidence of cancer in domestic animals requires a multifaceted approach to safeguard their health and contribute to cancer research.