Incidence and Predictors of Complications With Sacral Neuromodulation

A systematic review of clinical studies of electrical stimulation for treatment of lower urinary tract dysfunction

“…In 2003, Spinelli et al published a description of a twostage implantation procedure [48], and 13 of the articles dating back to December 2002 [46,48,56,61,62,64,66,71,[73][74][75][76][77] Excluded reports (n=147) not meeting inclusion criteria, e.g., non-English, abstractonly, reviews Fig. 1 Flow diagram for screening process employed (6 of these investigated both one-stage and twostage implantation outcomes).…”

Sacral Nerve Modulation in Overactive Bladder

“…However, when compared to matched patients less than 70 years old, there was a significantly higher explanation rate for the elderly. White and colleagues [18] also published a study evaluating the incidence and predictors of complications with SNM on 202 patients undergoing stage 1 and 2 implantations. The most common complication was device malfunction secondary to trauma (8.9%), followed by lead migration (5.9%).…”

Update on neuromodulation for frequency, urgency, retention, and neurogenic voiding dysfunction

“…Further refi nements in the technology are expected to continue to pay dividends in terms of increased effi cacy, increased patient acceptance, and a lower complication rate. Despite these improvements, this therapy is associated with a relatively minor incidence of adverse events in approximately one third of patients [33].…”