Incidence and predictors of surgical site infection in Ethiopia: prospective cohort

Abstract

BackgroundSurgical site infections are commonest nosocomial infections and responsible for considerable morbidity and mortality as well as increased hospitalizations and treatment cost related to surgical operations. The aim of this study was to determine incidence and predictors of surgical site infections at surgical ward of Hawassa University Referral Hospital, Southern Ethiopia.MethodsWe performed prospective study involving 105 patients that undergone major surgical procedure at Hawassa University Referral Hospital from March 2 to May 2, 2015. Data were extracted from paper based medical charts, operational and anesthesia note, by direct observation and patients’ interview. All patients were followed daily before, during and after operation for 30 days starting from the date of operation. Data were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) for window version 20.0 software. Predictors of Surgical site infections were identified using multivariable logistic regression model. P-value less than 0.05 was considered to be statistically significant.ResultWe studied 105 patients. Sixty four patients (61%) were males. The mean age of the patients was 30.85 ± 17.72 years. The mean Body Mass Index (BMI) was 21.6 ± 4 kg/m2. Twenty patients (19.1%) developed surgical site infections. Age greater than 40 years, AOR = 7.7(95% CI [1.610–40.810 p = 0.016,]), preoperative hospital stay more than 7 days, AOR = 22.4(95% CI [4.544–110.780, p = 0.001]), duration of operation more than 1 hour, AOR = 8.01(95% CI [1.562–41.099, p = 0.013]) and administering antimicrobial prophylaxis before 1 hour of operation, AOR = 11.1 (95% CI [1.269–75.639, p = 0.014]) were independent predictors for surgical site infections.ConclusionSurgical site infection is relatively high.

Prevalence of surgical site infection and associated factors after cesarean section in Ethiopia: systematic review and meta-analysis

“…The association between PROM more than 12hrs and SSI after cesarean section was reported in five [28] In contrast the finding is much higher than studies conducted in Nova Scotia and New Zealand which reported with prevalence SSI 2.7% and 5.2% [29,30]respectively.…”

Practice of and associated factors regarding prevention of surgical site infection among nurses working in the surgical units of public hospitals in Addis Ababa city, Ethiopia: A cross-sectional study

“…Ethiopia shares the burden of SSIs and the infection rate is reported ranging from 10.9%, in Bahirdar to 19.1% in Hawassa respectively [13,14]. Another study among patients with clinical signs of post-surgical wound infection in Ethiopia, has revealed that the prevalence rate of culture-confirmed SSI was 75% and isolated bacterias have shown multi-drug resistance to the commonly used antibiotics in the hospital in 82.9% of the patients with SSI [15].…”

Surgical site infection in elective clean and clean-contaminated surgeries in developing countries

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