Incidence and Progression of Diabetic Retinopathy in Urban India: Sankara Nethralaya-Diabetic Retinopathy Epidemiology and Molecular Genetics Study (SN-DREAMS II), Report 1

Raman, Rajiv; Ganesan, Suganeswari; Pal, Swakshyar Saumya; Gella, Laxmi; Kulothungan, Vaitheeswaran; Sharma, Tarun

doi:10.1080/09286586.2017.1290257

Cited by 56 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Although prevalence is similar in men and women, they vary across ethnic groups, with the highest prevalence among Blacks and lowest among Asians, and as yet the cause remains uncertain for these apparent ethnic variations. Prevalence data across the globe varies [34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45] but a recent meta-analysis of 35 population-based performed between 1980 and 2009 across four continents calculated that in people with diabetes age between 20 and 79 years, the overall prevalence of any DR, PDR and DMO is 35%, 7.2% and 7.5%, respectively [46] The prevalence of DR, PDR and DMO were all considerably higher in individuals with type 1 diabetes as opposed to type 2 diabetes: (77%, 32% and 14% vs 32%, 3 and 6%)-and this was independent of the duration diabetes. However, the longer the duration of disease, the higher the prevalence of DR-from 20% in those with a diabetes duration of fewer than 10 years, to 76% in those with two decades or more disease duration.…”

Section: Prevalence and Incidence Of Dr And Dmomentioning

confidence: 99%

Diabetic retinopathy and diabetic macular oedema pathways and management: UK Consensus Working Group

Amoaku

Ghanchi

Bailey

et al. 2020

Eye

136

121

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The management of diabetic retinopathy (DR) has evolved considerably over the past decade, with the availability of new technologies (diagnostic and therapeutic). As such, the existing Royal College of Ophthalmologists DR Guidelines (2013) are outdated, and to the best of our knowledge are not under revision at present. Furthermore, there are no other UK guidelines covering all available treatments, and there seems to be significant variation around the UK in the management of diabetic macular oedema (DMO). This manuscript provides a summary of reviews the pathogenesis of DR and DMO, including role of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and non-VEGF cytokines, clinical grading/classification of DMO vis a vis current terminology (of centre-involving [CI-DMO], or non-centre involving [nCI-DMO], systemic risks and their management). The excellent UK DR Screening (DRS) service has continued to evolve and remains world-leading. However, challenges remain, as there are significant variations in equipment used, and reproducible standards of DMO screening nationally. The interphase between DRS and the hospital eye service can only be strengthened with further improvements. The role of modern technology including optical coherence tomography (OCT) and wide-field imaging, and working practices including virtual clinics and their potential in increasing clinic capacity and improving patient experiences and outcomes are discussed. Similarly, potential roles of home monitoring in diabetic eyes in the future are explored. The role of pharmacological (intravitreal injections [IVT] of anti-VEGFs and steroids) and laser therapies are summarised. Generally, IVT anti-VEGF are offered as first line pharmacologic therapy. As requirements of diabetic patients in particular patient groups may vary, including pregnant women, children, and persons with learning difficulties, it is important that DR management is personalised in such particular patient groups. First choice therapy needs to be individualised in these cases and may be intravitreal steroids rather than the standard choice of anti-VEGF agents. Some of these, but not all, are discussed in this document.

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Section: Prevalence and Incidence Of Dr And Dmomentioning

confidence: 99%

Diabetic retinopathy and diabetic macular oedema pathways and management: UK Consensus Working Group

Amoaku

Ghanchi

Bailey

et al. 2020

Eye

136

121

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…(23) A recent study from India showed an incidence rate of 2.4% per year for diabetic retinopathy. (24) Africa A population-based cohort study in Kenya, sub-Saharan Africa, by Bastawrous et al (25) demonstrated that annual incidence of diabetic retinopathy was 224.7 per 1000 among patients with known diabetes mellitus at baseline. Diabetic retinopathy was strongly associated with increasing age, higher body mass index, urban dwelling and higher socioeconomic status.…”

Section: Europementioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiological Aspects of Diabetic Retinopathy- A Narrative Review

Rasoulinejad¹

2019

jemds

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“…[2][3][4] The global prevalence of DR grew 64% from 1990 to 2010, virtually all due to increases in low-and middleincome countries, but few population-based data from such settings have been published. [5][6][7][8] Reports from upper-income countries are comparatively plentiful, [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20] and substantial regional variation has been identified. 21 China is the world's most populous country, with one-half of its 1.4 billion people living in rural areas.…”

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confidence: 99%

Prevalence of and Risk Factors for Diabetic Retinopathy in a Rural Chinese Population: The Yangxi Eye Study

Jin

Xiao

Ding

et al. 2018

Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.

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PURPOSE. To investigate the prevalence and determinants of diabetic retinopathy (DR) among older adults in rural Southern China. METHODS. Using random cluster sampling, persons aged 50 years or older were randomly selected in rural Yangxi County, Guangdong Province, China. All participants underwent a standardized interview, fundus photography, and point of service glycosylated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) testing. Diabetes mellitus (DM) was diagnosed based on confirmed medical history or HbA1c ‡6.5%. Fundus photographs were graded for DR and diabetic macular edema (DME) based on the United Kingdom National Diabetic Eye Screening Program guidelines. Prevalence of and risk factors for DR and vision-threatening diabetic retinopathy (VTDR) were evaluated. RESULTS. Among 5825 subjects who participated (90.7% response rate) in the Yangxi Eye Study, 562 (9.6%) were diagnosed with DM, including 79 (14.1%) known and 483 new (85.9%) cases. Among DM cases, 476 (84.7%) had gradable fundus photos. The prevalence of any DR and VTDR were 8.19% (95% confidence interval [CI] 5.9-11.0) and 5.25% (95% CI 3.43-7.66), respectively. These figures were 23.9% and 12.7% for known and 5.43% and 3.95% for new DM cases. Risk factors for any DR were higher HbA1c level (OR [odds ratio] per unit 1.34, P < 0.001), longer duration of DM (OR per year ¼ 2.29, P < 0.001) and having previously undergone cataract surgery (OR 4.11, P < 0.030). CONCLUSIONS. Our study found a lower prevalence of DR among adults 50 years and older than in previously reports. Perhaps this difference can be explained by the short duration of most cases.

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Incidence and Progression of Diabetic Retinopathy in Urban India: Sankara Nethralaya-Diabetic Retinopathy Epidemiology and Molecular Genetics Study (SN-DREAMS II), Report 1

Abstract: The incidences of STDR and DME were higher in people with pre-existing DR than in those without DR at baseline.

Cited by 56 publications

References 27 publications

Diabetic retinopathy and diabetic macular oedema pathways and management: UK Consensus Working Group

Diabetic retinopathy and diabetic macular oedema pathways and management: UK Consensus Working Group

Epidemiological Aspects of Diabetic Retinopathy- A Narrative Review

Prevalence of and Risk Factors for Diabetic Retinopathy in a Rural Chinese Population: The Yangxi Eye Study

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