Incidence and recurrence of psychotic experiences in the general population – systematic review and meta-analysis

Staines, Lorna; Healy, Colm; Cotter, David; Kelleher, Ian; Murphy, Felim; Cannon, Mary

doi:10.1016/j.nsa.2022.100671

Cited by 2 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…These factors could include, for example, environmental exposures after 12 years of age (eg, substance use, inter-personal problems) or the effect of PEs themselves. The fact that most participants reported a first onset of PEs during adolescence (consistent with epidemiological literature 3 ) makes it possible that emerging or intensifying PEs during this critical period interfered with computer use for the curved trajectory group. Indeed, PEs have been associated with a range of mental health and functioning difficulties, 1,5 which could hypothetically impact a person's technological behaviors.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 68%

“…1,2 The first onset of PEs is typically between ages 13 and 17 years. 3 While most individuals with PEs do not develop a major mental illness, PEs are nonetheless associated with 2-to 30-fold increased risk of psychotic, affective, and substance use disorders, as well as suicidal ideation and attempts. 2,4,5 Because of these links, PEs have become a target for early interventions to prevent clinical psychosis and improve overall mental health among youth.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Trajectories of Adolescent Media Use and Their Associations With Psychotic Experiences

Paquin,

Ferrari,

Rej

et al. 2024

JAMA Psychiatry

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ImportanceAdolescent media use is thought to influence mental health, but whether it is associated with psychotic experiences (PEs) is unclear.ObjectiveTo examine longitudinal trajectories of adolescent media use and their associations with PEs at 23 years of age.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis cohort study included participants from the Québec Longitudinal Study of Child Development (1998-2021): children who were born in Québec, Canada, and followed up annually or biennially from ages 5 months through 23 years. Data were analyzed between January 2023 and January 2024.ExposuresParticipants reported their weekly amount of television viewing, video gaming, computer use, and reading at ages 12, 13, 15, and 17 years.Main Outcome and MeasuresLifetime occurrence of PEs was measured at 23 years of age. Covariables included sociodemographic, genetic, family, and childhood characteristics between ages 5 months and 12 years.ResultsA total of 1226 participants were included in the analyses (713 [58.2%] female, 513 [41.8%] male). For each media type, latent class mixed modeling identified 3 group-based trajectories, with subgroups following trajectories of higher use: television viewing, 128 (10.4%); video gaming, 145 (11.8%); computer use, 353 (28.8%); and reading, 140 (11.4%). Relative to lower video gaming, higher video gaming was preceded by higher levels of mental health and interpersonal problems at age 12 years. Adjusting for these risk factors mitigated the association between higher video gaming and PEs at age 23 years. The curved trajectory of computer use (189 [15.4%] participants), characterized by increasing levels of use until age 15 years followed by a decrease, was associated with higher PEs (estimated difference, +5.3%; 95% CI, +1.5% to +9.3%) relative to lower use (684 [55.8%] participants). This association remained statistically significant after covariable adjustment.Conclusions and RelevanceThis study found that longitudinal trajectories of media use during adolescence were modestly associated with PEs at age 23 years, likely reflecting the influence of shared risk factors. Understanding the environmental determinants and psychosocial functions of media use during adolescence may help better integrate digital technologies in the prevention and management of PEs.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 68%

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confidence: 99%

Trajectories of Adolescent Media Use and Their Associations With Psychotic Experiences

Paquin,

Ferrari,

Rej

et al. 2024

JAMA Psychiatry

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“…Maternal substance use was also found to be a risk factor for PE. Previous research has primarily focused on maternal cannabis consumption, with consistent evidence showing it increases rates of PE (Bogdan et al, 2022;Bolhuis et al, 2018;Fine et al, 2019;Paul et al, 2020;Staines et al, 2023b). Explanations for the association between substance use and mental disorders have been suggested to be due to a shared etiology with addictive behaviors (Myles et al, 2012).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Examining the association between prenatal and perinatal adversity and the psychotic experiences in childhood

Staines,

Dooley,

Healy

et al. 2024

Psychol. Med.

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Background Prenatal and perinatal complications are established risk factors for psychotic disorder, but far less is known about these measures and psychotic experiences (PEs). We investigated the longitudinal effect of prenatal risk factors (maternal behavior, medication complications) and perinatal risk factors (birth weight, medical complications) on frequency of PEs. We also examined the cumulative risk of prenatal/perinatal risk factors, and differences between transient PE, persistent PE, and controls. Methods The Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development study is a large child cohort (age 9–10 at baseline; n = 11 872 with PE data). PEs were measured longitudinally using the Prodromal Questionnaire-Brief, Child version, and included only if reported as distressing. Mixed-effects models were used for analysis, controlling for random effects, and a substantial number of fixed-effects covariates. Results Urinary tract infection (β = 0.11, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.03–0.19) and severe anemia (β = 0.18, 95% CI 0.07–0.29) increased frequency of distressing PEs in childhood. Number of prenatal complications increased frequency of PEs (β = 0.03, 95% CI 0.01–0.06) and risk of persistent PEs (odds ratio [OR] = 1.08, 95% CI 1.01–1.15). Maternal smoking was associated with an increased frequency of PEs (β = 0.11, 95% CI 0.04–0.18) and persistent PEs (OR = 1.31, 95% CI 1.04–1.66). Maternal substance use was a risk factor for a 48% increased risk of persistent PEs (OR = 1.48, 95% CI 1.08–2.01). Perinatal complications showed no effect on PEs. Conclusions This study provides evidence that certain prenatal medical complications (severe nausea, severe anemia), cumulative number of prenatal medical complications, and maternal behaviors (smoking during pregnancy), increased frequency of distressing PEs in childhood. Maternal smoking and substance use, as well as cumulative number of prenatal complications increased risk of persistent PEs.

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Incidence and recurrence of psychotic experiences in the general population – systematic review and meta-analysis

Cited by 2 publications

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Trajectories of Adolescent Media Use and Their Associations With Psychotic Experiences

Trajectories of Adolescent Media Use and Their Associations With Psychotic Experiences

Examining the association between prenatal and perinatal adversity and the psychotic experiences in childhood

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