Incidence and risk factors for nasoenteral tube-related mechanical complications in a double cohort

Abstract

Aim: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a chronic, neurodegenerative disease, which leads to development of malnutrition. The main purpose of this research was to analyze the impact of malnutrition on the course of the disease and long-term survival. Material and methods: A retrospective analysis has been performed on 48 patients (22 F [45,83%] and 26 M [54,17%], the average age of patients: 66,2 ) in 2008-2014.The analysis of the initial state of nutrition was measured by body mass index (BMI), nutritional status according to NRS 2002, SGA and concentration of albumin in blood serum. Patients were divided into two groups, depending on the state of nutrition: well-nourished and malnourished. The groups were created separately for each of these, which allowed an additional comparative analysis of techniques used for the assessment of nutritional status. Results: Proper state of nutrition was interrelated with longer survival (SGA: 456 vs. 679 days, NRS: 312 vs. 659 vs. 835 days, BMI: respectively, 411, 541, 631 days, results were statistically significant for NRS and BMI). Concentration of albumin was not a prognostic factor, but longer survival was observed when level of albumin was increased during nutritional therapy. Conclusions: The initial nutrition state and positive response to enteral feeding is associated with better survival among patients with ALS. For this reason, nutritional therapy should be introduced as soon as possible.

Complicações relacionadas às sondas enterais de curta permanência

“…Ao todo foram identificados 331 artigos e a partir dos critérios de elegibilidade, onze estudos foram incluídos para análise sendo a maioria publicados nos Estados Unidos (11)(12)(13) , Brasil (14)(15)(16) , Austrália (17) , Bélgica (18) , Canadá (19) , China (20) e Inglaterra (21) .…”

“…A maioria dos artigos foi publicada em revistas de medicina e nutrição hospitalar (11,(13)(14)(16)(17)19) .…”

“…A principal complicação relacionada ao uso de sonda enteral foi a retirada acidental da sonda (14)(15)(16)19,21) , seguida da obstrução da sonda (11)(12)(14)(15) e desposicionamento da ponta da sonda (14,(17)(18)(19)(20) . Como descrito no quadro 2.…”

“…O grupo da fita alcançou uma porcentagem mediana mais baixa da ingestão calórica total recebida (66%) em comparação com o grupo do freio nasal (86%). Anziliero, Beghetto (14) . 2022 Brasil Avaliar a incidência de complicações mecânicas relacionadas à sonda nasoenteral e os fatores de risco a elas associados.…”

“…Tabela 1 -Categorias das complicações evidenciadas nos estudos incluídos para análise (N=11). Rio de Janeiro, 2024 (14)(15)(16)(17)19,21) . (11)(12)(14)(15) .…”