Incidence and Risk Factors of In-Stent Restenosis for Symptomatic Intracranial Atherosclerotic Stenosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Abstract

BACKGROUND: In-stent restenosis affects long-term outcome in patients with intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis. PURPOSE:The aim of this meta-analysis was to evaluate the incidence and risk factors of in-stent restenosis.DATA SOURCES: All literature that reported in-stent restenosis was searched on PubMed, Ovid EMBASE and Ovid MEDLINE data bases.STUDY SELECTION: Original articles about stents for symptomatic intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis were selected.DATA ANALYSIS: Meta-analysis was conducted to derive the pooled in-stent restenosis using a random-effects model. Metaregression was performed to explore the risk factors predisposing to in-stent restenosis.

[Retracted] Predictive Value of Perioperative Cytokine Levels on the Risk for In‐Stent Restenosis in Acute Myocardial Infarction Patients

“…A previous study [ 22 ] demonstrated that as the Lp-PLA2 level increases, the risk of coronary heart disease and stroke increases, especially in the elderly and asymptomatic people with atherosclerotic disease. A meta-analysis [ 23 ] has shown that Lp-PLA2 level is linearly and logarithmically related to coronary heart disease and vascular death. A cohort study [ 24 ] has suggested that Lp-PLA2 measured in the acute phase is associated with 1-year mortality, indicating that Lp-PLA2 may not be affected by acute inflammatory events, but is a specific indicator for vascular inflammation.…”

Baseline vessel wall magnetic resonance imaging characteristics associated with in-stent restenosis for intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis

“…The rate of ISR in our analysis was similar with a systematic review and meta-analysis by Peng et al, which had a 14.8% ISR rate. 7 The SAMMPRIS Trial, a prospective randomized controlled…”

The Use of Pointwise Encoding Time Reduction With Radial Acquisition MRA to Assess Middle Cerebral Artery Stenosis Pre- and Post-stent Angioplasty: Comparison With 3D Time-of-Flight MRA and DSA

“…Intracranial angioplasty and stenting are beneficial for selected patient cohorts and have been used widely in many experienced centers (9,31). After stent placement, imaging surveillance is necessary to monitor for in-stent restenosis (12). Computed tomography angiography is limited for poststenting evaluation due to metal beam hardening artifact obscuring luminal evaluation (14).…”

“…An accurate evaluation of stenosis is needed for appropriate patient selection for angioplasty and stenting (10,11). Post-stenting arterial segment evaluation is also important considering the re-stenosis rate after stenting is 11.9-17.9% (12). This evaluation, however, is challenging for CTA, CE-MRA, and 3D-TOF-MRA due to beam hardening artifacts or magnetic susceptibility artifacts (13)(14)(15).…”