Incidence and Severity of Bacterial Speck of Tomato in Southwestern Ontario in 1979

Bonn, W. G.

doi:10.1094/pd-64-586

Cited by 7 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…tomato (Okabe) Young, Dye & Wilkie (bacterial speck) and Xanthomonas campestris pv. vesicatoria (Doidge) Dye (bacterial spot) can cause serious losses in tomato yield and quality (Bonn 1980;Pohronezny and Volin 1983;Cuppels and Elmhirst 1999;Cuppels and Ainsworth 2001). Little is known about the effects that row arrangements and plant density have on the incidence and severity of bacterial diseases.…”

Section: Mots Clésmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of row arrangement and plant density on yield and quality of early, small-vined processing tomatoes

Warner¹,

Hao²,

Zhang³

2002

Can. J. Plant Sci.

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, T. 2002. Effects of row arrangement and plant density on yield and quality of early, smallvined processing tomatoes. Can. J. Plant Sci. 82: 765-770. Early processing tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) cv. H9230 and N1045 were field grown with three row arrangements and two plant population densities in 1999, 2000 and 2001 to investigate their effects on fruit yield, quality, and foliar and fruit diseases. An equidistant single row arrangement (75/75 cm) resulted in similar or higher yield compared with the two less-even twin row arrangements (60/90 cm and 40/110 cm) over the 3 yr. The equidistant single row arrangement (75/75 cm) and wide twin row arrangement (60/90 cm) had reduced foliar and fruit diseases in a wet year (2000). However, the incidence of blossom-end rot was greater in the equidistant single row arrangement in a dry year (2001). Increasing the plant density from 33 300 to 40 400 plants ha -1 by reducing the plant spacing within the row from 40 to 33 cm increased the yield by 3-5 t ha -1 . Row arrangement or plant density did not affect fruit size or soluble solids. Fruit size and soluble solids of H9230 were consistently greater than those of N1045 in all 3 yr. For production of early, small-vined processing tomatoes in southwestern Ontario, an equidistant single row arrangement with a plant density of 40 000 plants ha -1 is suggested. (2000). Toutefois, la nécrose apicale était plus fréquente dans la culture sur rang à espacement équidistant lors d'une année sèche (2001). Lorsqu'on change la densité de peuplement de 33 000 à 40 400 plants par hectare en réduisant l'écartement des plants de 40 à 33 cm, le rendement augmente de 3 à 5 tonnes par hectare. Ni la disposition des rangs, ni la densité des plants n'affectent le calibre des fruits et la concentration de solides solubles. H9230 a toujours donné des fruits de plus gros calibre, plus riches en solides solubles, que N1045 les trois années de l'étude. Pour produire des tomates de transformation hâtives sur petite vigne dans le sud-ouest de l'Ontario, les auteurs préconisent la culture sur un rang à espacement équidistant à la densité de 40 000 plants par hectare.

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Section: Mots Clésmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of row arrangement and plant density on yield and quality of early, small-vined processing tomatoes

Warner¹,

Hao²,

Zhang³

2002

Can. J. Plant Sci.

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“…Several ecological and epidemiological studies of the bacterial speck pathogen have been performed since the first serious outbreak of the disease in the late 1970s (1,4,5,13,19,(23)(24)(25). Epiphytic P. syringae pv.…”

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Disease Development and Changes in the Natural Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato Populations on Field Tomato Plants

Cuppels

Elmhirst

1999

Plant Disease

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The probe TPRI, derived from the Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato gene cluster controlling production of the phytotoxin coronatine, was used in conjunction with the semiselective medium VBTar to trace natural populations of the pathogen on tomato plants from just before planting to harvest. In a survey of transplant seedlings in greenhouses, P. syringae pv. tomato populations ranged from 8 × 100 to 3.2 × 105 CFU/g of leaf tissue. Copper-sprayed seedlings had similar populations to nonsprayed plants, but copper tolerance was common among the P. syringae pv. tomato strains surveyed. Transplant seedlings from three greenhouses were tagged, randomly planted in three grower fields, and monitored for P. syringae pv. tomato and disease severity over two growing seasons. Statistical analysis indicated that, when the P. syringae pv. tomato populations of greenhouse plants were small, as recorded in this study, there was no correlation between greenhouse infestation and disease severity in the field. Environmental conditions played a greater role than greenhouse infestation in disease development. Once formed, leaf lesions remained a good inoculum source (104 to 105 CFU) throughout the 7-week life of the leaf. Bacterial speck damage correlated well in both years (r = 0.80 and r = 0.86, respectively) with P. syringae pv. tomato population levels.

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“…However, bacterial diseases on processing tomatoes in various growing areas of Ontario have become more important in recent years (Pitblado 1978;Bonn 1980) and surveys have shown widespread distribution of bacterial speck and bacterial canker (Pitblado 1985, personal communication) in field tomatoes. Economic losses for these diseases have been reported (McKeen 1974;Schneider and Grogan 1977;Yunis et al 1980).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-term evaluation of cover crop and strip-tillage on tomato yield, foliar diseases and nematode populations

McKeown¹,

Cerkauskas²,

Potter³

et al. 1998

Can. J. Plant Sci.

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. Long-term evaluation of cover crop and strip-tillage on tomato yield, foliar diseases and nematode populations. Can. J. Plant Sci. 78: 341-348. A 6-yr (1987-1992) experiment, continuous on the same site, evaluated potential problems for yield, nematodes and diseases with tomatoes (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) grown in a strip-till system. Treatments consisted of conventional tillage (CT) and strip tillage (ST), rye (Secale cereale L.), wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) cover crops and a 2-yr rye-tomato rotation. Results of the first 5 yr indicated a decrease in tomato yield over time for both tillage treatments and cover crops. However, yield rebounded overall for treatments in 1992 with the highest yield in the rye-tomato rotation. We suspect this was a result of high populations of rootknot nematodes which collapsed over the winter of 1991/1992. Tomato yields were lower following wheat and perennial ryegrass than rye. In only 1 yr out of 6, strip-tillage reduced yield compared with conventional tillage. Bacterial speck/spot symptoms on foliage, although minor, were significantly greater in ST than in CT plots during the last 3 yr. No major trends in incidence and severity of bacterial and fungal diseases and of disorders of fruit were evident during the 5-yr period and neither fruit yield nor quality were significantly affected by these factors. Root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne hapla Chitwood) were numerically less in the rye-tomato rotation than in other treatments; both root-knot and root lesion nematodes (Pratylenchus penetrans [Cobb]) tended to be less numerous under CT than under ST. Strip-tillage is feasible for machine harvest processing tomatoes. However, we are concerned about the tendency of tomatoes grown under reduced tillage to have lower yields than those grown under conventional tillage. More work is required on the interactions of cultivars, cover crops and nematodes in soil conservation systems. (1987)(1988)(1989)(1990)(1991)(1992) au même emplacement, nous avons évalué les effets éventuels du travail du sol dans la raie de plantation sur le rendement de la tomate ainsi que sur les maladies et sur les populations de nématode. Les traitements comparés étaient : travail classique du sol (TC), travail dans la raie de plantation (TR), culture couvre-sol de seigle (Secale cereale L.), de blé (Triticum aestivum L.) et de ray-grass vivace (Lolium perenne L.) et rotation de 2 ans seigle-tomate. Le résultat des cinq premières années font voir une diminution en fonction du temps du rendement de tomate dans les traitements de travail du sol et de couvre-sol. On constatait cependant une remontée générale des rendements dans tous les traitements en 1992, particulièrement dans la rotation seigle-tomate. Ce phénomène serait dû à un effondrement des fortes populations de nématodes radicicoles au cours de l'hiver 1991-1992. Le rendement de tomate était plus bas après couvre-sol de blé ou de ray-grass qu'après couvre-sol de seigle. Dans une année seulement sur les 6 o...

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Incidence and Severity of Bacterial Speck of Tomato in Southwestern Ontario in 1979

Cited by 7 publications

References 0 publications

Effects of row arrangement and plant density on yield and quality of early, small-vined processing tomatoes

Effects of row arrangement and plant density on yield and quality of early, small-vined processing tomatoes

Disease Development and Changes in the Natural Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato Populations on Field Tomato Plants

Long-term evaluation of cover crop and strip-tillage on tomato yield, foliar diseases and nematode populations

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