Incidence and severity of SARS-CoV-2 virus post COVID-19 vaccination: A cross-sectional study in India

Selvaraj, Preethi; Muthu, Sathish; Jeyaraman, Naveen; Prajwal, Gollahalli Shivashankar; Jeyaraman, Madhan

doi:10.1016/j.cegh.2022.100983

Cited by 14 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Another study also stated that when back pain is not treated effectively on time, it may become chronic, leading to an increase in the incidence and costs of morbidity [ 1 , 2 ]. Meanwhile, a previous study showed that patients who received the COVID-19 vaccine experienced less musculoskeletal pain and more easily overcame the disease [ 37 ]. The findings of many similar studies have also pointed to the same results [ 19 , 23 - 25 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vaccine hesitancy in patients with COVID-19 who have back pain

Türken¹,

Çapar²

2023

PHRP

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Objectives: Musculoskeletal pain is among the most common symptoms in patients diagnosed with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), and it has placed a significant burden on health worldwide during the pandemic. This study explored vaccine hesitancy and associated factors in patients with positive COVID-19 polymerase chain reaction test results who were hospitalized and had back pain.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 170 hospitalized COVID-19 patients over 18 years of age. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics with IBM SPSS ver. 25.0.Results: COVID-19 patients who were married considered COVID-19 vaccinations riskier than unmarried COVID-19 patients. Patients who had not been vaccinated expressed higher levels of distrust towards COVID-19 vaccines than patients who had been vaccinated. Participants had relatively little hesitation toward the Sinovac vaccine. High vaccine confidence was found in all participants regardless of vaccination status. Those who had not received the COVID-19 vaccine reported higher risk perceptions than those who had received at least 1 dose of any COVID-19 vaccine.Conclusion: Measurements of the hesitancy of vaccinated and non-vaccinated patients or members of society towards vaccines can be an important parameter for health authorities to find solutions.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vaccine hesitancy in patients with COVID-19 who have back pain

Türken¹,

Çapar²

2023

PHRP

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“…One study focusing on breakthrough infections had to be excluded as data for both Covaxin and another vaccine codenamed AZD1222 (brand name Covishield) were grouped together and individual data for Covaxin could not be retrieved ( 18 ). Two other studies also had to be excluded due to a lack of Covaxin-specific subgroup analysis ( 19 , 20 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inactivated vaccine Covaxin/BBV152: A systematic review

et al. 2022

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We systematically reviewed and summarized studies focusing on Bharat Biotech’s Whole Virion Inactivated Corona Virus Antigen BBV152 (Covaxin), which is India’s indigenous response to fighting the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. Studies were searched for data on the efficacy, immunogenicity, and safety profile of BBV152. All relevant studies published up to March 22, 2022, were screened from major databases, and 25 studies were eventually inducted into the systematic review. The studies focused on the virus antigen (6 μg) adjuvanted with aluminium hydroxide gel and/or Imidazo quinolin gallamide (IMDG), aTLR7/8 agonist. Pre-clinical, phase I, and II clinical trials showed appreciable immunogenicity. Both neutralizing and binding antibody titers were significant and T cell responses were Th1-biased. Phase III trials on the 6 μg +Algel-IMDG formulation showed a 93.4% efficacy against severe COVID-19. Data from the trials revealed an acceptable safety profile with mostly mild-moderate local and systemic adverse events. No serious adverse events or fatalities were seen, and most studies reported milder and lesser adverse events with Covaxin when compared with other vaccines, especially Oxford-Astra Zeneca’s AZD1222 (Covishield). The immunogenicity performance of Covaxin, which provided significant protection only after the second dose, was mediocre and it was consistently surpassed by Covishield. One study reported adjusted effectiveness against symptomatic infection to be just 50% at 2 weeks after the second dose. Nonetheless, appreciable results were seen in previously infected individuals administered both doses. There was some evidence of coverage against the Alpha, Beta, and Delta variants. However, neither Covaxin nor Covishield showed sufficient protection against the Omicron variant. Two studies reported super-additive results on mixing Covaxin with Covishield. Further exploration of heterologous prime-boost vaccination with a combination of an inactivated vaccine and an adenoviral vector-based vaccine for tackling future variants may be beneficial.

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“…Out of a total 1729 vaccinated, 80.7% were Covishield vaccinated while 17.8% Covaxin. Among them, 38.9% had received only a single dose while 61.1% received both the doses 27 . A series of adverse events at an average of 136 cases in every 1000 vaccinated within a week of the first Covishield dose was reported in a survey in rural health training centers around Faridabad, Haryana.…”

Section: Vaccine‐associated Adversitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID‐19 vaccines and their underbelly: Are we going the right way?

Satapathy,

Pattnaik,

Sahoo

et al. 2023

Health Science Reports

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BackgroundHistorically, a critical aetiological agent of health concern stays till eternity after its discovery, so shall it be with the COVID‐19 outbreak. It has transformed human life to a ‘new normal’ with huge tolls on the social, psychological, intellectual and financial spheres.AimThis perspective aimed to collate numerous reported COVID‐19 vaccine‐associated adverse events and the predisposing factors. It focussed on the efficacy of mix‐n‐match (cocktail) vaccines to effectively counter COVID‐19 infection to facilitate future research and possible interventions.Material and MethodsDatabases like Scopus, Pubmed and the Web‐of‐science were searched for published literature on ‘adverse events associated with COVID‐19 vaccine’. The reports and updates from health agencies like the WHO and CDC were also considered for the purpose. The details with respect to the adverse events associated with COVID‐19 vaccination and the predisposing factors were compiled to obtain insights and suggest possible future directions in vaccine research.ResultsIndia stood strong to manage its health resources in time and turned into a dominant global vaccine supplier at a time when healthcare infrastructure of many countries was still significantly challenged. Developing indigenous vaccines and the vaccination drive in India were its major achievements during the second and the subsequent COVID‐19 waves. The fully indigenous Covaxin vaccine, primarily as an emergency intervention, was successfully rapidly launched. Similar such vaccines for emergency use were developed elsewhere as well. However, all of these reached the marketplace with a ‘emergency use only’ tag, without formal clinical trials and other associated formalities to validate and verify them as these would require much longer incubation time before they are available for human use.DiscussionMany adverse events associated with either the first or the second/booster vaccination doses were reported. Evidently, these associated adverse events were considered as ‘usually rare’ or were often underreported. Without the additional financial or ethical burden on the vaccine companies, fortunately, the Phase IV (human) clinical trials of their manufactured vaccines are occurring by default as the human population receives these under the tag ‘emergency use’. Thus, focused and collaborative strategies to unveil the molecular mechanisms in vaccine‐related adverse events in a time‐bound manner are suggested.ConclusionReliable data particularly on the safety of children is lacking as majority of the current over‐the‐counter COVID‐19 vaccines were for emergency use. Many of these were still in their Phase III and Phase IV trials. The need for a mutant‐proof, next‐gen COVID‐19 vaccine in the face of vaccine‐associated adverse events is opined.

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Incidence and severity of SARS-CoV-2 virus post COVID-19 vaccination: A cross-sectional study in India

Cited by 14 publications

References 22 publications

Vaccine hesitancy in patients with COVID-19 who have back pain

Vaccine hesitancy in patients with COVID-19 who have back pain

Inactivated vaccine Covaxin/BBV152: A systematic review

COVID‐19 vaccines and their underbelly: Are we going the right way?

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