“…Poor soil fertility, excessive drought, heat, acidity and stress due to intercropping are biotic variables that induce yield decrease while biotic factors include pests, parasitic weeds as well as viruses, fungi, nematodes, and bacterial diseases (Thakur et al, 2000). Numerous plant viruses are transmitted by vectors from one host to another, among which weed and insects are the major pests of okra in all agroecological zones of Nigeria constituting the major constrain in largescale production of okra (Christo and Onuh, 2005;Abdulraheem and Moshood, 2019b).…”