Incidence and severity of white mold in common bean submitted to different cultivation practices

Abstract

A B S T R A C TDue to the socioeconomic importance of common bean in Brazil, studies that allow establishing favorable conditions for not compromising the crop with white mold, in view of the enormous damages caused by this fungus, become vital to Brazilian agriculture. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the incidence and severity of white mold in common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), cultivar 'Madrepérola' , subjected to different irrigation intervals, planting densities and fungicide application. The research was conducted in Viçosa-MG, Brazil, in the years 2011 and 2012. The statistical analysis used the splitsplit-plot scheme. The fungicide applications (with or without fungicide) were allocated to plots, the irrigation intervals (3, 6, 9 and 12 days) to sub-plots and planting densities (6, 9, 12 and 15 plants per linear meter) to sub-subplots, in a randomized block design with three replicates. The variation of the irrigation intervals did not contribute significantly to the control of white mold. It is recommended to use lower planting densities in order to minimize the damages caused by the disease. The use of the fungicide was the main method of white mold control in two consecutive years.Incidência e severidade do mofo-branco no feijoeiro submetido a diferentes tratos culturais R E S U M O Devido à importância socioeconômica do feijoeiro no Brasil, estudos que permitem estabelecer condições favoráveis ao não comprometimento da lavoura com o mofo-branco tornam-se vitais para a agricultura brasileira, haja vista os enormes prejuízos causados por este fungo, , razão por que se objetivou, neste trabalho, avaliar a incidência e severidade do mofo-branco na cultura do feijoeiro-comum (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), cultivar Madrepérola, submetido a diferentes turnos de rega, densidades de plantio e aplicação de fungicida. A pesquisa foi conduzida em Viçosa, nos anos 2011 e 2012. Na análise estatística foi utilizado o esquema de parcelas sub-subdivididas. Nas parcelas foi alocado o efeito do fungicida (com ou sem fungicida), nas subparcelas os turnos de rega (3, 6, 9 e 12 dias) e nas sub-subparcelas as densidades de plantio (6, 9, 12 e 15 plantas por metro linear), no delineamento experimental em blocos casualizados, com três repetições. A variação do turno de rega não colaborou significativamente para o controle do mofo-branco. Recomenda-se a utilização de menores densidades de plantio a fim de minimizar os danos ocasionados pela doença. A utilização do fungicida foi o principal método de controle do mofo-branco nos dois anos consecutivos.

Screening and identification of resistant sources against Sclerotinia sclerotiorum causing white mold disease in common bean

“…The Crop Science environmental conditions conducive for its growth and development favors a number of bean pathogens including S. sclerotiorum, which is one of the most devastating soil-borne necrotrophic fungi that causes white mold of common bean (Mahoney, McCreary, & Gillard, 2014). It is known to cause serious and significant yield losses in the crop (Tu, 1997), sometimes even up to 100% (Montes et al, 2017;Schwartz & Singh, 2013) under favorable conditions. The fungus causes disease even in transit and storage, and its field epidemic is associated with environmental conditions like dense crop canopy, soil moisture for carpogenic germination of sclerotia, ascospore production, and leaf wetness for infection (Mila & Yang, 2008).…”

Activation of defense response in common bean against stem rot disease triggered byTrichoderma erinaceumandTrichoderma viride

“…Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lib) de Bary, a devastating necrotrophic plant pathogen belonging to the phylum: Ascomycota; class: Discomycetes; and order: Heliotiales, causes white mold or stem rot disease on more than 400 plant species [1]. Common bean ( Phaseolus vulgaris L.), the most common pulse in India is economically destructed by S. sclerotiorum causing white mold disease [2]. The pathogen reduces yield loss up to 100% under favorable conditions [3].…”