Incidence and Survival of Childhood Cancer in Korea

Abstract

PurposeAn epidemiologic study of childhood cancer would provide useful information on cancer etiology and development of management guidelines.Materials and MethodsData from the Korea National Cancer Incidence Database were used to examine the incidence and survival of cancer in patients aged 0-14 years. Patients were grouped according to the International Classification of Childhood Cancer, 3rd edition. Age-specific and age-standardized incidences per million and estimated annual percentage change (APC) were calculated by sex and age. Five-year relative survival was calculated for four periods from 1993 to 2011.ResultsThe study comprised 15,113 patients with malignant neoplasms. Age-standardized incidence rates for all cancers were 134.9 per million children in 1999-2011 and 144.0 and 124.9 per million for males and females, respectively (M/F ratio, 1.2; p < 0.05). The highest incidences were observed for ‘leukemias, myeloproliferative diseases, and myelodysplastic diseases’ (group I) (46.4), ‘central nervous system neoplasms’ (group III) (18.3), and ‘lymphomas and reticuloendothelial neoplasms’ (group II) (13.4). Age-standardized incidence increased from 117.9 in 1999 to 155.3 in 2011, with an APC of 2.4% (95% confidence interval, 2.1 to 2.7). There was a significant increase of APC in ‘neuroblastoma and other peripheral nervous cell tumors’ (group IV) (5.6%) and ‘other malignant epithelial neoplasms and malignant melanomas’ (group XI) (5.6%). The 5-year relative survival rate for all childhood cancers improved significantly from 56.2% (1993-1995) to 78.2% (2007-2011) (males, 56.7% to 77.7%; females, 55.5% to 78.8%).ConclusionThis study provides reliable information on incidence and survival trends for childhood cancer in Korea.

Neuroblastoma causes alterations of the intestinal microbiome, gut hormones, inflammatory cytokines, and bile acid composition

“…NB represents the most common extracranial solid tumor in childhood . For this investigation, we were able to generate a model of a highly malignant human NB in athymic mice.…”

“…Neuroblastoma (NB) represents the most common extracranial solid tumor in childhood . In 2010, the age‐adjusted incidence in the USA was 10.7 cases per million persons aged 0–14 years .…”

“…Neuroblastoma (NB) represents the most common extracranial solid tumor in childhood. 1 In 2010, the age-adjusted incidence in the USA was 10.7 cases per million persons aged 0-14 years. 2 Due to the biologic heterogeneity of NB, its clinical behavior ranges from spontaneous regression and near uniform survival to aggressive metastatic Pediatr Blood Cancer 2017; 64: e26425 c 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. 1 of 9 wileyonlinelibrary.com/journal/pbc disease with a high risk of fatal outcome.…”

School performance of childhood cancer survivors in Korea: A multi‐institutional study on behalf of the Korean Society of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology

“…The incidence of childhood cancer varies among countries worldwide. According to the data from Korea National Cancer Incidence database in the Korea Central Cancer Registry, a total of 15 113 cancer patients aged 0 to 14 years were diagnosed in 1999 to 2011, and the average annual incidence was 1163 cases . Survival rate for childhood cancer in Korea has increased dramatically over the past 30 years from 56.2% in 1993 to 1995 to 78.2% in 2007 to 2011 .…”

Seasonal trends of diagnosis of childhood malignant diseases and viral prevalence in South Korea

“…Malignant tumors of childhood are the most common disease-related cause of death among patients younger than 20 years old in Korea [1]. Annually, 16.6 per 100,000 children are diagnosed with malignancies; this accounts for about 1% of all cancer patients.…”