Incidence, cause, and short-term outcome of convulsive status epilepticus in childhood: prospective population-based study

Chin, Richard; Neville, Brian; Peckham, Catherine; Bedford, Helen; Wade, Angela; Scott, Rod C.

doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(06)69043-0

Cited by 534 publications

(628 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Prolonged febrile seizures (PFS) are the most common cause of convulsive status epilepticus (CSE) in children 1. Febrile seizures have received considerable research interest owing to the long‐recognized, but yet unresolved, association between PFS and mesial temporal sclerosis/temporal lobe epilepsy 2, 3, 4, 5.…”

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confidence: 99%

Long‐term white matter tract reorganization following prolonged febrile seizures

et al. 2017

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SummaryObjectiveDiffusion magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies have demonstrated acute white matter changes following prolonged febrile seizures (PFS), but their longer‐term evolution is unknown. We investigated a population‐based cohort to determine white matter diffusion properties 8 years after PFS.MethodsWe used diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and applied Tract‐Based Spatial Statistics for voxel‐wise comparison of white matter microstructure between 26 children with PFS and 27 age‐matched healthy controls. Age, gender, handedness, and hippocampal volumes were entered as covariates for voxel‐wise analysis.ResultsMean duration between the episode of PFS and follow‐up was 8.2 years (range 6.7–9.6). All children were neurologically normal, and had normal conventional neuroimaging. On voxel‐wise analysis, compared to controls, the PFS group had (1) increased fractional anisotropy in early maturing central white matter tracts, (2) increased mean and axial diffusivity in several peripheral white matter tracts and late‐maturing central white matter tracts, and (3) increased radial diffusivity in peripheral white matter tracts. None of the tracts had reduced fractional anisotropy or diffusivity indices in the PFS group.SignificanceIn this homogeneous, population‐based sample, we found increased fractional anisotropy in early maturing central white matter tracts and increased mean and axial diffusivity with/without increased radial diffusivity in several late‐maturing peripheral white matter tracts 8 years post‐PFS. We propose disruption in white matter maturation secondary to seizure‐induced axonal injury, with subsequent neuroplasticity and microstructural reorganization as a plausible explanation.

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Long‐term white matter tract reorganization following prolonged febrile seizures

et al. 2017

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“…This is referred to as the minimum incidence since a proportion of the children with SE will die before reaching the hospital, and others will be treated in private hospitals [10,16]. The incidence of convulsive status epilepticus in London, UK, has been reported as 18-20 per 100,000 per year in children less than 16 years old [17]. A hospitalbased study involving 22 states in the United States of America 4 reported a prevalence of 0.083 percent.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Convulsive status epilepticus is associated with significant mortality and morbidity [10,12,17,20,21]. Morbidity and mortality are highest with SE associated with CNS infections, which is the most important cause of SE [22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although, it is commonly agreed that outcome is primarily a function of underlying aetiology, there is still much controversy as to which other factors such as age, duration, treatment or CSE itself, modify the outcome [12,21,23,24]. Where there has been no acute or progressive central nervous system insult, morbidity and mortality are low [4,5,17,20,[25][26][27]. Failure to diagnose and treat status epilepticus in a prompt and accurate manner has been shown to result in significant overall mortality and neurological morbidity [17,23,28].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Where there has been no acute or progressive central nervous system insult, morbidity and mortality are low [4,5,17,20,[25][26][27]. Failure to diagnose and treat status epilepticus in a prompt and accurate manner has been shown to result in significant overall mortality and neurological morbidity [17,23,28]. The mortality in Sub-Saharan Africa is higher than in the resource-rich countries.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prevalence, Aetiology and Outcome of Status Epilepticus in Children with Convulsions at the Wesley Guild Hospital, Ilesa

Oa¹,

Sba²,

Ta³

et al. 2017

J Pediatr Neurol Med

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Status epilepticus (SE) in childhood is a life threatening condition with serious risk of neurological sequelae and constitutes a medical emergency. The aim of this study is to provide data on the prevalence, aetiology and outcome of status epilepticus in children at the Wesley Guild Hospital, Ilesa, South-West Nigeria. We prospectively studied all the 276 children who were admitted with convulsion over a period of seven months, out of which 39 (14.1%) had status epilepticus. The cause of status epilepticus in 82.1% of the patients was cerebral malaria; other causes were febrile convulsion, meningitis, seizure disorders and head injury. The mortality and morbidity (neurologic sequelae at discharge) in this study were 23.1% and 33.3%, respectively. Mortality and morbidity were significantly higher in children who had status epilepticus compared to those who convulsed but did not have status. (χ 2 =33.773, df=1, p<0.001), (χ 2 =43.991, df=1, p<0.001).In conclusion, morbidity and mortality of SE is high and control of malaria will most likely reduce the prevalence and improve the outcome of SE in this environment.

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Frequency and Prognosis of Convulsive Status Epilepticus of Different Causes

Neligan

Shorvon²

2010

Arch Neurol

216

144

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e conducted a systematic review of all studies of status epilepticus (SE) with more than 30 patients published between January 1, 1990, and December 31, 2008, to determine the frequencies of the common underlying causes and the extent to which the underlying causes affect the prognosis of an episode of SE. The frequencies of underlying causes vary among studies and show marked geographic differences, but in most studies, the most common underlying causes were cerebrovascular disease and low antiepileptic drug levels. A relatively good prognosis of SE is found when the underlying cause is associated with low antiepileptic drug levels or alcohol abuse, and a relatively poor outcome occurs when the underlying cause is cerebrovascular disease, particularly in the case of SE due to acute cerebral anoxia, but in most conditions, the reported prognosis is variable. Also, when SE occurs in the context of an acute cerebral insult, such as cerebral infection or cerebrovascular disease, the prognosis of the acute cerebral event is worsened.

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Incidence, cause, and short-term outcome of convulsive status epilepticus in childhood: prospective population-based study

Cited by 534 publications

References 25 publications

Long‐term white matter tract reorganization following prolonged febrile seizures

Long‐term white matter tract reorganization following prolonged febrile seizures

Prevalence, Aetiology and Outcome of Status Epilepticus in Children with Convulsions at the Wesley Guild Hospital, Ilesa

Frequency and Prognosis of Convulsive Status Epilepticus of Different Causes

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