Incidence, Mortality, and Spatiotemporal Distribution of Cutaneous Malignant Melanoma Cases Across Canada

Abstract

Background: We recently reported a steady increase in the incidence and mortality of cutaneous malignant melanoma (CMM) in Canada during 1992-2010. Objectives: The objective of this article is to examine the distribution of Canadian CMM patients at the level of provinces, cities, and forward sortation area (FSA) postal codes. Methods: Using 3 Canadian population-based registries, we conducted an in-depth examination of the incidence and mortality trends for 72 565 Canadian CMM patients over the period 1992-2010. Results: We found that among 20- to 39-year-olds, the incidence of CMM in women (7.17 per 100 000 individuals) was significantly higher than in men (4.60 per 100 000 individuals per year). Women age 80 years and older had an incidence of CMM (58.46 cases per 100 000 women per year) more than 4 times greater than the national average (12.29 cases per 100 000 population per year) and a corresponding high mortality rate (20.18 deaths per 100 000 women per year), when compared with the Canadian melanoma mortality of 2.4 deaths per 100 000 per year. In other age groups men had higher incidence and corresponding melanoma mortality rates. We also studied CMM incidence by province, city, and FSA postal codes and identified several high-incidence communities that were located near the coast/waterfronts. In addition, plotting latitude measures for cities and FSAs vs CMM incidence rate confirmed the inverse relationship between geographical latitude and incidence of melanoma in Canada (slope = –0.22 ± 0.05). Conclusions: This research may help develop sex-, age- and geographic region-specific recommendations to decrease the future burden of CMM in Canada.

Geographic Variations in Cutaneous Melanoma Distribution in the Russian Federation

“…The incidence of cutaneous melanoma (CM) has been increasing over the last several decades in the USA, Canada [1][2][3], and European countries [4]. In 2012, ∼232,000 new cases of melanoma and ∼55,000 deaths were registered worldwide [5].…”

“…We re-analyzed the existing official data using novel approaches with the aim of improving our knowledge on epidemiological specifics of CM in this wide and multinational region of the world. We utilized the same methodology as in the recently published analysis of melanoma in Canada [1-3, 16, 17].…”

Loss of ACSM3 confers worsened prognosis and immune exclusion to cutaneous melanoma

“…Malignant melanoma (MM) is a tumor that occurs in melanocytes of the skin or other organs with underlying genetic and environmental factors [1]. The clinical manifestations include tenderness, itching, bleeding, ulcers, etc.…”

Recurrent melanoma development in a Caucasian female with CDKN2A+ mutation and FAMMM syndrome: A case report

“…1 From 1992 to 2010, the overall incidence of melanoma was determined to be 12.29 cases per 100,000 person-years in Canada. 2 Approximately 10% of these cases are believed to have a hereditary component, with one of the most common forms of hereditary melanoma being familial atypical multiple mole melanoma (FAMMM) syndrome, also known as dysplastic mole syndrome or atypical mole syndrome.…”