Incidence of adverse drug events and potential adverse drug events

Dw, Bates; Cullen, David J.; Laird, Nan M.

doi:10.1016/s1075-4210(05)80011-2

Cited by 469 publications

(579 citation statements)

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“…According to a study conducted by Bates, antibiotics were responsible for 9% of preventable and 30% of nonpreventable ADRs. 18 Suspected ADRs were analysed for the outcome which showed that the offending drug was withdrawn in many of the cases. The dose had to be altered in some patients while no change was made with the suspected drug in others considering the risk benefit ratio in specific patients and in some cases, the use of antibiotic was according to the culture and sensitivity reports.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pattern of adverse drug reactions due to antibiotics in a tertiary care hospital

Akalu

Belavadi

2017

Int J Basic Clin Pharmacol

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Background: Adverse reactions are known to occur with all classes of drugs and the incidence of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) due to antibiotics has increased with rise in infectious diseases contributing significantly to the increased health care costs.Methods: This retrospective observational study analysed the ADRs due to antibiotics that were reported by spontaneous reporting to ADR monitoring centre (AMC), functioning from Department of Pharmacology, ESIC-MC and PGIMSR. The total study period was 48 months from January 2013 to December 2016. During this period, all the ADRs due to antibiotics reported to the AMC were included in the study. This study analysed the retrospective data to find out the pattern of adverse drug reactions due to antibiotic drug class. Causality, severity and preventability were assessed using standard scales.Results: During the study period, a total of 228 ADRs due to antibiotic use were reported among 179 patients. Gender-wise distribution showed that males were slightly more affected than females by the ADRs due to antibiotics [93(52%) Vs. 86 (48%)]. Out of the total 179 antibiotics administered to the patients, beta-lactam antibiotics dominated followed by nitroimidazoles, quinolones and glycopeptide antibiotics in causing ADRs. Rashes and itching were most common ADRs followed by breathlessness and hypotensive episodes. Causality was assessed by Naranjo algorithm scale and causality was definite in 16 (7%), probable in 87 (38%) and possible in 125 (55%). Severity of the ADRs was assessed by Hartwig and Siegel scale and it was found that most of the ADRs 198 (87%) were of mild severity and 30 (13%) were of moderate severity and none of them were severe or lethal. Preventability was assessed by Schumock and Thornton scale and it was found that only 24 (11%) were preventable, 74 (32%) were probably preventable and 130 (57%) were not preventable.Conclusions: The study concluded that ADRs due to antibiotics are common and few of them resulted in increased healthcare cost due to the need for some interventions and increased length of hospital stay. The health system should promote the spontaneous reporting of ADRs due to antibiotics, proper documentation and periodic reporting to regional pharmacovigilance centers to ensure drug safety.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pattern of adverse drug reactions due to antibiotics in a tertiary care hospital

Akalu

Belavadi

2017

Int J Basic Clin Pharmacol

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“…Many of the major medical error studies have highlighted medication errors as a cause of adverse events suffered by patients (Bates et al, 1995;Leape et al, 1995;Brennan 1991Kohn et al, 1999. Approximately a quarter of all claims to the Medical Defence Union relate to drugs.…”

Section: Medication Errormentioning

confidence: 99%

Applying hierarchical task analysis to medication administration errors

2006

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Medication use in hospitals is a complex process and is dependent on the successful interaction of health professionals functioning within different disciplines. Errors can occur at any one of the five main stages of prescribing, documenting, dispensing or preparation, administering and monitoring. The responsibility for the error is often placed on the nurse, as she or he is the last person in the drug administration chain whilst more pressing underlying causal factors remain unresolved.\ud \ud This paper demonstrates how hierarchical task analysis can be used to model drug administration and then uses the systematic human error reduction and prediction approach to predict which errors are likely to occur. The paper also puts forward design solutions to mitigate these errors

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“…Prescribing errors are the most common and account for 39% to 49% of medication errors among hospitalized patients. 3,4 The Joint Commission has mandated that healthcare institutions track and intervene within the medication use process to reduce errors. 5 A number of complex and costly interventions have been forwarded with significant evidence bases, including computerized physician order entry (CPOE), clinical decision-support systems, and pharmacist participation on rounding medical teams.…”

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confidence: 99%

Assessing the impact of an educational program on decreasing prescribing errors at a university hospital

Peeters

Pinto

2009

Journal of Hospital Medicine

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BACKGROUND: Several complex and costly interventions reduce medication errors. Little exists on the effectiveness of providing education and feedback to institutional clinicians as a means of reducing errors. OBJECTIVE: To determine the impact on prescribing errors of a pharmacist‐led educational intervention. DESIGN: Prospective, interrupted time series study. SETTING: This study was conducted among internal medicine residents at the 320‐bed University of Toledo Medical Center. INTERVENTION: The educational intervention was conducted during a 6‐month period beginning in November 2006. The intervention included an initial hour‐long lecture followed by biweekly and then monthly discussions that used timely, institution‐specific examples of prescribing errors. MEASUREMENTS: Data were collected at 5 time points: month 0 (preintervention period); months 1, 3, and 6 (intervention period); and month 7 (postintervention period). Errors were identified, transcribed, coded, and entered into a database. The primary outcome was the frequency of prescribing errors during each period. A Bonferroni‐adjusted chi‐square analysis was conducted with an a priori experiment‐wise alpha of 0.05. RESULTS: A reduction in prescribing errors of 33% following the first intervention month and a mean 26% reduction during the study period were observed (P < 0.0025). The frequencies of preintervention and postintervention errors did not differ significantly. CONCLUSIONS: A straightforward educational intervention reduced prescribing errors during the period of active intervention, but this effect was not sustained. Ongoing communication and education about institution‐specific medication errors appear warranted. Journal of Hospital Medicine 2009;4:97–101. © 2009 Society of Hospital Medicine.

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Incidence of adverse drug events and potential adverse drug events

Cited by 469 publications

References 0 publications

Pattern of adverse drug reactions due to antibiotics in a tertiary care hospital

Pattern of adverse drug reactions due to antibiotics in a tertiary care hospital

Applying hierarchical task analysis to medication administration errors

Assessing the impact of an educational program on decreasing prescribing errors at a university hospital

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