Incidence of arm swelling following axillary clearance for breast cancer

Hoe, A. L.; Iven, D.; Royle, G. T.; Taylor, I.

doi:10.1002/bjs.1800790326

Cited by 120 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…A wide variation in prevalence (2%-40%) is due to lack of consensus regarding the clinical criteria, method of assessment and timing of assessment for lymphedema [4,5,8,10,11]. The incidence of severe lymphedema is less variable with most studies reporting it in less than 10% of the patients with lymphedema [22,23].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Lymphedema of the upper extremity, in addition to being unsightly, can be painful, can limit the arm movements, increases the risk of infection and is psychologically distressing, serving as a constant reminder of cancer [3][4][5][6][7]. The incidence of lymphedema has been reported with a very wide range from 2%-40% in women treated with modified radical mastectomy or breast conserving surgery with no apparent difference between the two surgeries [4,5,[8][9][10][11]. The factors quoted to influence incidence of lymphedema include the level of nodal dissection, the number of nodes removed, the number of involved nodes, presence of extra capsular spread, size and grade of the primary tumor, co-morbid conditions, anthracycline based chemotherapy, axillary irradiation, experience of the surgeon, dominant limb and body mass index [12][13][14][15][16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Study of Incidence of Lymphedema in Indian Patients Undergoing Axillary Dissection for Breast Cancer

Pillai

Sharma

Ahmed

et al. 2010

Indian J Surg Oncol

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Lymphedema of the upper extremity, in addition to being unsightly, can be painful, can limit the arm movements, increases the risk of infection and is psychologically distressing, serving as a constant reminder of cancer. 1. To ascertain the incidence of lymphedema in a hospital based population (in patients undergoing axillary dissection for breast cancer. 2. To determine the clinicoepidemilogical factors associated with the occurrence of lymphedema in these patients. For all patients undergoing axillary dissection, arm measurements were taken in the pre-& post-operative period from at least 3 sites; one in the arm, forearm and wrist (points fixed in reference to fixed bony landmarks). Patients included in this study were followed up for at least 12 months. Circumference difference of more than 5% was taken as mild lymphedema; more than 10% as moderate lymphedema and more than 15% as severe lymphedema. Data was analyzed using SPSS 11.0 statistical software. Of the 231 patients in this study mean age was 51.2 years, majority were housewives (71.9%) and postmenopausal (58.5%). Modified radical mastectomy (MRM), was performed on 203 (87.9%) patients. 57.2% patients had positive lymph nodes. The mean number of positive nodes was 6.52. Majority of the patients received chemo and radio therapy. Overall incidence of lymphedema was 41.1%. The definition of 5-10% increase as mild lymphedema may be a bit severe as in most patients with this increase, lymphedema is not clinically apparent. The incidence of moderate and severe lymphedema in our series is only 7.4%. The incidence of clinically significant lymphedema (moderate to severe lymphedema & symptomatic mild lymphedema) was 16.8%. Only axillary irradiation and pathological nodal status (pN3) emerged as significant risk factors for lymphedema development on multivariate analysis. Lymphedema once established is difficult to treat. Combination of axillary dissection with radiation and more nodal positivity seems to predispose to lymphedema. Prevention by means of sentinel node biopsy in early cases, good surgical technique, arm care post surgery, exercises and massage therapy may help reducing the incidence and/or severity.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of Incidence of Lymphedema in Indian Patients Undergoing Axillary Dissection for Breast Cancer

Pillai

Sharma

Ahmed

et al. 2010

Indian J Surg Oncol

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“…Complications of varying magnitude occur in up to 8 to 63% of patients following breast cancer reatment. [6][7][8][9] The incidence of upper extremity lymphedema varies from 2% to 40% in women with breast cancer who have been treated with surgery, radiation, or both. 10,11 The reasons for the wide range of reported prevalence rates of lymphedema are related to lack of standard diagnostic and universal assessment criteria, insidious nature of onset, prolonged clinical course and limited physician knowledge.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distribution of Early-Stage Lymphedema and Risk Factors in Postoperative Patients with Breast Cancer: A Hospital Based Study

Mohanty¹

2016

jmscr

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“…[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15] In 2006, it is estimated that 214,640 women will be diagnosed with breast cancer, and 88% of these women will survive at least 5 years. 16 The reported incidence of lymphedema varies with the length of follow-up, the measurement techniques, and other patient and treatmentrelated factors.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[2][3][4][5][6]12,[26][27][28][29][30][31] Several patient-related factors have also been evaluated for their association with lymphedema in breast cancer patients including body mass index, weight training exercise, airline travel, hypertension, diabetes, smoking and age at breast cancer diagnosis, and findings have been inconsistent for these factors. 1,[3][4][5]12,14,15,29,[32][33][34][35] Previous studies have several limitations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predictors of Lymphedema Following Breast Cancer Surgery

Swenson¹

2006

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Public reporting burden for this collection of information is estimated to average 1 hour per response, including the time for reviewing instructions, searching existing data sources, gathering and maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing this collection of information. Send comments regarding this burden estimate or any other aspect of this collection of information, including suggestions for reducing this burden to Department of Defense, Washington Headquarters Services, Directorate for Information Operations and Reports (0704-0188), 1215 Jefferson Davis Highway, Suite 1204, Arlington, VA 22202-4302. Respondents should be aware that notwithstanding any other provision of law, no person shall be subject to any penalty for failing to comply with a collection of information if it does not display a currently valid OMB control number. PLEASE DO NOT RETURN YOUR FORM TO THE ABOVE ADDRESS. (From -To) REPORT DATE (DD-MM-YYYY) 01-09-2006 REPORT TYPE Annual Summary DATES COVERED SPONSORING / MONITORING AGENCY NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES) 10. SPONSOR/MONITOR'S ACRONYM(S) U.S. Army Medical Research and Materiel Command Fort Detrick, Maryland 21702-5012 SPONSOR/MONITOR'S REPORT NUMBER(S) DISTRIBUTION / AVAILABILITY STATEMENTApproved for Public Release; Distribution Unlimited SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES ABSTRACTSurgery for breast cancer includes removal of the breast tumor along with axillarylymph nodes. Unfortunately, a relatively common side effect following axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) is upper-extremity lymphedema. The purpose of this study is to identify risk factors for lymphedema among women with breast cancer surgery. Specific aims include identifying risk factors for lymphedema and comparing quality of life (QOL) for women who have and do not have lymphedema. A casecontrol study will be conducted with 200 participants. Cases will be identified in the physical therapy or cancer centers. Controls will be identified using the oncology registry and include patients with breast cancer surgery who have not developed lymphedema. Risk factors and severity of lymphedema will be assessed with the Measure of Arm Symptom Survey (MASS), a patient-competed survey. QOL will be collected with the SF-36. Treatment risk factors will be obtained from the oncology registry. This study will determine which factors are important in lymphedema development. SUBJECT TERMS

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Incidence of arm swelling following axillary clearance for breast cancer

Cited by 120 publications

References 15 publications

Study of Incidence of Lymphedema in Indian Patients Undergoing Axillary Dissection for Breast Cancer

Study of Incidence of Lymphedema in Indian Patients Undergoing Axillary Dissection for Breast Cancer

Distribution of Early-Stage Lymphedema and Risk Factors in Postoperative Patients with Breast Cancer: A Hospital Based Study

Predictors of Lymphedema Following Breast Cancer Surgery

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