Incidence of autism in high risk neonatal follow up

Mohammed, Hussein S.; Wahass, Saeed; Mahmoud, Adel A.

doi:10.17712/nsj.2016.1.20150471

Cited by 8 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Shared brainstem-based symptomatology suggests that ASD neuropathogenesis may stem from an atypically developing brainstem. This hypothesis is supported by the data showing that pre-term infants have higher incidence of ASD compared to the full-term children ( Limperopoulos et al, 2008 ; Johnson et al, 2010 ; Pinto-Martin et al, 2011 ; D’Onofrio et al, 2013 ; Mohammed et al, 2016 ), with the prevalence of ASD increasing as gestational age decreases ( D’Onofrio et al, 2013 ; Kuzniewicz et al, 2014 ; Darcy-Mahoney et al, 2016 ). Moreover, developmental trajectory of the brainstem is implicated in ASD by the abnormal progression of the brainstem-based symptoms such as HRV and ABR.…”

Section: Human Evidence For Brainstem Contributions To Asdmentioning

confidence: 71%

Evidence for Brainstem Contributions to Autism Spectrum Disorders

Dadalko

Travers

2018

Front. Integr. Neurosci.

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Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition that affects one in 59 children in the United States. Although there is a mounting body of knowledge of cortical and cerebellar contributions to ASD, our knowledge about the early developing brainstem in ASD is only beginning to accumulate. Understanding how brainstem neurotransmission is implicated in ASD is important because many of this condition’s sensory and motor symptoms are consistent with brainstem pathology. Therefore, the purpose of this review was to integrate epidemiological, behavioral, histological, neuroimaging, and animal evidence of brainstem contributions to ASD. Because ASD is a neurodevelopmental condition, we examined the available data through a lens of hierarchical brain development. The review of the literature suggests that developmental alterations of the brainstem could have potential cascading effects on cortical and cerebellar formation, ultimately leading to ASD symptoms. This view is supported by human epidemiology findings and data from animal models of ASD, showing that perturbed development of the brainstem substructures, particularly during the peak formation of the brainstem’s monoaminergic centers, may relate to ASD or ASD-like behaviors. Furthermore, we review evidence from human histology, psychophysiology, and neuroimaging suggesting that brainstem development and maturation may be atypical in ASD and may be related to key ASD symptoms, such as atypical sensorimotor features and social responsiveness. From this review there emerges the need of future research to validate early detection of the brainstem-based somatosensory and psychophysiological behaviors that emerge in infancy, and to examine the brainstem across the life span, while accounting for age. In all, there is preliminary evidence for brainstem involvement in ASD, but a better understanding of the brainstem’s role would likely pave the way for earlier diagnosis and treatment of ASD.

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Section: Human Evidence For Brainstem Contributions To Asdmentioning

confidence: 71%

Evidence for Brainstem Contributions to Autism Spectrum Disorders

Dadalko

Travers

2018

Front. Integr. Neurosci.

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“…This percentage is significantly higher than the rate of ASD in the general population (1.68%, p < 0.0001) 14 but closer to that reported by studies that used similar methods in children who were born preterm or extremely preterm (3.6-12.9%) 15,16 and other NICU populations (4.7, 6.6, and 7.1%). 4,17,18 It is also possible that this high percentage is underestimated due to the under diagnosis of ASD in the overall population. Interestingly, the male-to-female ratio of patients with ASD was lower (1.75:1) in our study than that reported for the general population in 2014 ($4:1) 19 but similar to that reported in a survey of extremely low birth weight children in 2017 (2.1:1).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential Risk Factors for Autism in Children Requiring Neonatal Intensive Care Unit

et al. 2021

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Background The etiology of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is complex and involves the interplay of genetic and environmental factors. Aim We sought to identify potential prenatal, perinatal, and neonatal risk factors for ASD in a unique population of children who had perinatal complications and required care in a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). Methods This prospective cohort study included 73 patients discharged from a NICU who received long-term follow-up at the largest children's hospital in Brazil. Potential risk factors were compared between 44 children with a diagnosis of ASD and 29 children without using the Mann–Whitney U test. Proportions were analyzed using the chi-square test. Simple and multiple logistic regression tests were performed. Results Of 38 factors analyzed, the following 7 were associated with ASD: family history of neuropsychiatric disorders (p = 0.049); maternal psychological distress during pregnancy (p = 0.007); ≥ 26 days in the NICU (p = 0.001); feeding tube for ≥ 15 days (p = 0.014); retinopathy of prematurity (p = 0.022); use of three or more antibiotics (p = 0.008); and co-sleeping until up to 2 years of age (p = 0.004). Conclusion This study found associations between specific risk factors during critical neurodevelopmental periods and a subsequent diagnosis of ASD. Knowledge of the etiologic factors that may influence the development for ASD is paramount for the development of intervention strategies and improvement of prognoses.

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“…Third, despite all limitations, Mohammed et al’s study1 still represents a worthy work. To have a better idea on ASDs estimate and relevant risk factors within HRNFP, which reflects ASDs spectrum in Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, I suggest employing DSM-V criteria in a novel prospective study involving a large study population and extended study period as well as numerous risk factors, notably gender, birth weight, gestational age, maternal and paternal age, family history of ASDs or other neuropsychiatric disorders, socioeconomic status, perinatal events, birth order, and neonatal anemia and jaundice.…”

mentioning

confidence: 96%

“…We have read with interest the study by Mohammed et al on the incidence of autism in high risk neonatal follow up 1. The authors did well in addressing 4 limitations of their study.…”

mentioning

confidence: 97%