Incidence of Blood Parasites in Birds Collected in Southwestern Georgia

Love, Gory J.; Wilkin, Sara Ann; Goodwin, Melvin H.

doi:10.2307/3274059

Cited by 29 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…Love ct al. (6) observed only four cases in 1246 birds examined (389 of them Fringillidae), and Jordan, in the abovementioned survey, reported no Leucorytozoon a t all in the 1061 birds she examined. I n the author's experience this genus of parasites has been found, generally quite commonly.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…Love et a1. (6) studied the blood parasites of a large number of birds from Southwestern Georgia, including 389 fringillids of 13 species, and found the combined incidence of Plasmodium catheineriutn and P. rclictunt (they did not attempt to distinguish between the two) almost exactly half the total malaria infections observed. Of the host species, the cardinal showed much the highest frequency of infection, 59 of the 154 birds examined being positive.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Blood Protozoa of Seventeen Species of Sparrows and Other Fringillidae

Manwell

1955

The Journal of Protozoology

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SUMMARY. A total of 1037 birds, belonging to 17 species of Fringillidae (order Passeres) and nearly all collected in or near Syracuse, N. Y., were examined for blood parasites. Of the species of avian malaria, Plasmodium cathemerium occurred most frequently, followed by P. hexamerium, P. relictum, P. elongatum, and P. circumflexum. Other species were not seen, although some (e.g. P. nucleophilum, P. polare, P. vaughani) are known to occur in Central New York. A number of song, chipping, and field sparrows were given experimental inoculations of Plasmodium vaughani‐infected blood and liberated. A few were recaught at varying intervals, but none were infected, suggesting that these species are insusceptible to this type of avian malaria. Malaria in song sparrows, which were caught in large numbers, is common and probably endemic, not varying greatly in frequency from year to year. But the incidence shows a sharp peak in the spring, most cases apparently being low‐grade relapses, which probably serve to reestablish the infection in the new crop of mosquitoes. There are indications that Haemoproteus and Leucocytozoon behave similarly. Infection with these last two parasites occurred in most of the species examined, but the incidence varied greatly, being especially high in white‐throated and white‐crowned sparrows. Reproductive stages of Haemoproteus were observed in the lungs of song and chipping sparrows.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Blood Protozoa of Seventeen Species of Sparrows and Other Fringillidae

Manwell

1955

The Journal of Protozoology

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“…They reviewed the literature of blood parasites from new world vultures and found that Haemoproteus spp. prevalence varied in turkey vultures from 14/79 (18%) (Wetmore, 1941) in Washington, D.C., 2/9 (12%) in Maryland and New Jersey (Williams and Bennett, 1978), 3/4 (75%) in Panama (Galindo and Sousa, 1966), Georgia (Love et al, 1953), andPanama (Darling, 1912). Black vultures were rarely found with patent hematozoan infections.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Hematozoa and A New Haemoproteid Species from Cathartidae (New World Vulture) In South Carolina

Greiner¹,

Fedynich²,

Webb³

et al. 2011

Journal of Parasitology

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“… USA (Washington DC) 2/79 (3) [ 42 ] Haemoproteus sp. USA (Georgia) 1/4 (25) [ 43 ] Haemoproteus sp. Panama 3/4 (75) [ 32 ] Haemoproteus sp.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parasitaemia data and molecular characterization of Haemoproteus catharti from New World vultures (Cathartidae) reveals a novel clade of Haemosporida

Yabsley

Vanstreels

Martinsen

et al. 2018

Malar J

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BackgroundNew World vultures (Cathartiformes: Cathartidae) are obligate scavengers comprised of seven species in five genera throughout the Americas. Of these, turkey vultures (Cathartes aura) and black vultures (Coragyps atratus) are the most widespread and, although ecologically similar, have evolved differences in morphology, physiology, and behaviour. Three species of haemosporidians have been reported in New World vultures to date: Haemoproteus catharti, Leucocytozoon toddi and Plasmodium elongatum, although few studies have investigated haemosporidian parasites in this important group of species. In this study, morphological and molecular methods were used to investigate the epidemiology and molecular biology of haemosporidian parasites of New World vultures in North America.MethodsBlood and/or tissue samples were obtained from 162 turkey vultures and 95 black vultures in six states of the USA. Parasites were identified based on their morphology in blood smears, and sequences of the mitochondrial cytochrome b and nuclear adenylosuccinate lyase genes were obtained for molecular characterization.ResultsNo parasites were detected in black vultures, whereas 24% of turkey vultures across all sampling locations were positive for H. catharti by blood smear analysis and/or PCR testing. The phylogenetic analysis of cytochrome b gene sequences revealed that H. catharti is closely related to MYCAMH1, a yet unidentified haemosporidian from wood storks (Mycteria americana) in southeastern USA and northern Brazil. Haemoproteus catharti and MYCAMH1 represent a clade that is unmistakably separate from all other Haemoproteus spp., being most closely related to Haemocystidium spp. from reptiles and to Plasmodium spp. from birds and reptiles.ConclusionsHaemoproteus catharti is a widely-distributed parasite of turkey vultures in North America that is evolutionarily distinct from other haemosporidian parasites. These results reveal that the genetic diversity and evolutionary relationships of avian haemosporidians are still being uncovered, and future studies combining a comprehensive evaluation of morphological and life cycle characteristics with the analysis of multiple nuclear and mitochondrial genes will be useful to redefine the genus boundaries of these parasites and to re-evaluate the relationships amongst haemosporidians of birds, reptiles and mammals.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1186/s12936-017-2165-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Incidence of Blood Parasites in Birds Collected in Southwestern Georgia

Cited by 29 publications

References 5 publications

The Blood Protozoa of Seventeen Species of Sparrows and Other Fringillidae

The Blood Protozoa of Seventeen Species of Sparrows and Other Fringillidae

Hematozoa and A New Haemoproteid Species from Cathartidae (New World Vulture) In South Carolina

Parasitaemia data and molecular characterization of Haemoproteus catharti from New World vultures (Cathartidae) reveals a novel clade of Haemosporida

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